ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA
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- Roads, transit, and the denseness of São Paulo's urban development(2021) ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA; Zegras, P. Christopher; Zheng, SiqiTaking São Paulo as our case study, we present causal inference that the construction of avenues and arterial roads crossing the urbanized area and connecting suburban and peripheral neighborhoods have generated urban expansion, extending the city’s urban footprint of the fastest growing city in the world in the mid-20th century. Each kilometer of new avenues and arterial roads generated between 5% and 9% increase in the local urbanization rate between 1947 and 1997. On the other hand, investments in rail transit have promoted vertical neighborhoods, increasing the floor area ratio in settings nearby São Paulo's central area. And each additional kilometer of transit lines was responsible for increasing local FAR in between 2.5 and 4.75, meaning 10 to 19 square kilometers of additional built-up area. This is the first joint causal inference of urban roads and transit different impacts on horizontal and vertical urban development. Our results also confirm that transit investments have stimulated specialization of land uses in São Paulo by attracting more commercial buildings to central areas and stimulating residential real estate development in areas further away. In this paper we take advantage of the fact that several avenues and arterial roads in São Paulo were built using the free course left by urban rivers that were channeled as an exogenous source of variation for the application of an instrumental variable approach. Abandoned streetcar routes were used as an instrument for recent rail transit investments. Long difference regressions were used to estimate the causal effect of these different types of transport on the type of urbanization in São Paulo. Besides the contribution to the academic empirical literature on the interaction between transportation and land use, our findings have huge implications for “new urbanism” movements and among contemporary planning strategies that promote transit as a strategy to promote sustainable urbanization.
- Subway Expansion, Jobs Accessibility and Home Value Appreciation in Four Global Cities: Considering Both Local and Network Effects(2021) ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA; Ramos, Camila; Zhen, SiqiWe explore the potential of incorporating accessibility analysis in studying the impact of subway expansions on the real estate market. We first demonstrate that using increases in accessibility to firms as a continuous treatment variable instead of its binary alternative, the station-dummy approach, yields better goodness-of-fit in a quasi-experimental econometric analysis. We show that the dummy treatment variable consistently reported overestimated coefficients of impact for new subway stations. Furthermore, accessibility measures allow the exploration of impacts beyond the local effects around new subway stations, shedding light on network impact that has been largely overlooked in the literature. To provide greater external validity to our results, we apply the same analysis to the cities of Santiago (Chile), São Paulo (Brazil), Singapore, and Barcelona (Spain) and explore the common results. We argue that the integration of urban economics and transportation analysis can bring innovation to the empirical approach commonly adopted in the literature, and the use of accessibility measures in causal empirical studies on transportation impacts can produce more robust and comprehensive results and capture the nuanced spatial heterogeneity effects.
- Subway Expansion, Jobs Accessibility and Home Value Appreciation in Four Global Cities: Considering Both Local and Network Effects(2021) ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA; Ramos, Camila; Zheng, SiqiWe explore the potential of incorporating accessibility analysis in studying the impact of subway expansions on the real estate market. We first demonstrate that using increases in accessibility to firms as a continuous treatment variable instead of its binary alternative, the station-dummy approach, yields better goodness-of-fit in a quasi-experimental econometric analysis. We show that the dummy treatment variable consistently reported overestimated coefficients of impact for new subway stations. Furthermore, accessibility measures allow the exploration of impacts beyond the local effects around new subway stations, shedding light on network impact that has been largely overlooked in the literature. To provide greater external validity to our results, we apply the same analysis to the cities of Santiago (Chile), São Paulo (Brazil), Singapore, and Barcelona (Spain) and explore the common results. We argue that the integration of urban economics and transportation analysis can bring innovation to the empirical approach commonly adopted in the literature, and the use of accessibility measures in causal empirical studies on transportation impacts can produce more robust and comprehensive results and capture the nuanced spatial heterogeneity effects.
Artigo Científico Private ownership of water and wastewater systems: Assessing health impacts(2025) Chaves, Rodrigo França; ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTAThis study examines the impact of private ownership of water and wastewater systems on disease reduction linked to sanitation in Brazil from 1998 to 2021. It updates Saiani and de Azevedo (2018), which analyzed the period 1995–2008, by incorporating over a decade of additional data, key policy changes such as the 2020 Sanitation Law, and employing the Callaway–Sant’Anna Staggered DID methodology to address heterogeneity in treatment effects. Our findings reveal mixed results: while some municipalities achieved reductions in morbidity rates, others showed no change or increases, underscoring the context-dependent nature of privatization outcomes. A notable example is the case of Tocantins, where transitioning from a hybrid private-state model to full private ownership led to a significant decrease in disease morbidity, particularly among the most affected age groups. These advancements provide a robust, updated perspective on the privatization debate, offering valuable implications for policy and practice.Relatório de pesquisa Anuario de la Vivienda en América Latina y el Caribe CAF — banco de desarrollo de América Latina y el Caribe — y Lincoln Institute of Land Policy(2024) Eloy, Claudia Magalhães (coord.); Kerr, Iván; Rouco, Federico Jorge González; Leite, Flavia; ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA; Burgos, Slaven Razmilic; Eberhard, Maria Cristina Rojas; Hoyos, Luisa Mariana Palomino; Rojas, Minor Rodríguez; Loria, Alexander Sandoval; Cazco, Jessenia; Pineda, Edgar Alexander Renderos; Topelson, Sara; Téllez, Adán; Treuherz, Alessandra; Boutin, Gabriela Irene Kinkead; Benza, Álvaro Espinoza; Cortés, Carlos Ariel; López, Alba Mizoocky Mota; Gonzalez, Ana Maria Fernandez; Camacho, Omar Aquiles Herrera; Fourment, José Freitas; Sosa, Lucía Vázquez; Santamarina, Lucía Anzalone; Recoba, Andrés Cabrera