História dos Modelos Macroeconométricos pós 2ª Guerra Mundial: enfoque em investimentos
Autores
Oliveira, Beatriz Carvalho de
Orientador
Co-orientadores
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de documento
Relatório de Iniciação Científica
Data
2025
Resumo
Este trabalho analisa a evolução da modelagem macroeconométrica no período
posterior à Segunda Guerra Mundial, com ênfase no tratamento dado à variável
investimento nos principais modelos desenvolvidos. O objetivo central é compreender
como os chamados modelos macroeconométricos de grande escala, ao mesmo
tempo em que se difundiram para além da academia e se institucionalizaram em
bancos centrais, organismos multilaterais e empresas privadas, exploraram de
maneiras distintas a função de investimento, moldando-a de acordo com os contextos
históricos, os avanços teóricos e as possibilidades abertas pela tecnologia
computacional. Foram analisados modelos representativos como os de Jan Tinbergen
e Lawrence Klein, além do desenvolvido pelo banco central norte-americano
(FMP/MPS, 1966), o modelo da economia global capitaneado por Klein (LINK, 1971),
o MCM, o Quarterly Model do Banco da Inglaterra e a Data Resources Inc. (DRI). Os
resultados evidenciam que Tinbergen tratava o investimento de forma setorial e
indireta, enquanto Klein o endogenizou em equações explícitas, incorporando lucros
passados, ativos líquidos e capital inicial. Nas gerações seguintes, a variável passou
a ocupar papel central na transmissão de políticas e choques internacionais,
especificada pelo custo do capital, expectativas de demanda e fluxo de caixa no setor
privado. Conclui-se que a macroeconometria do pós-guerra não apenas ofereceu um
produto estratégico de formulação de políticas, mas também transformou o
investimento em eixo estruturante da modelagem, refletindo o entrelaçamento entre
teoria econômica, contexto histórico e inovação tecnológica.
In this study I analyze the evolution of macroeconometric modeling in the period following the Second World War, with particular emphasis on the treatment of investment in the main models. I want to understand how macroeconometric models, while expanding beyond academia and becoming institutionalized within central banks, multilateral organizations, and private firms, explored the investment function in different ways, adapting it to historical contexts, theoretical advances, and the opportunities created by computational technology. I studied representative models, such as those of Jan Tinbergen and Lawrence Klein, as well as the one developed by the Federal Reserve bank (the FMP/MPS, 1966), the global economy model developed by the team directed by Klein (LINK, 1971), the MCM, the Bank of England’s Quarterly Model, and Data Resources Inc. (DRI). I show that Tinbergen treated investment in a sectoral and indirect manner, whereas Klein endogenized it through explicit equations, incorporating past profits, liquid assets, and initial capital. In subsequent generations, investment became a central channel for the transmission of policies and international shocks, modeled as a function of the cost of capital, demand expectations, and cash flows in the private sector. I then conclude that postwar macroeconometrics not only offered a strategic tool for policymaking but also transformed investment into a structuring axis of modeling, reflecting the interplay between economic theory, historical context, and technological innovation.
In this study I analyze the evolution of macroeconometric modeling in the period following the Second World War, with particular emphasis on the treatment of investment in the main models. I want to understand how macroeconometric models, while expanding beyond academia and becoming institutionalized within central banks, multilateral organizations, and private firms, explored the investment function in different ways, adapting it to historical contexts, theoretical advances, and the opportunities created by computational technology. I studied representative models, such as those of Jan Tinbergen and Lawrence Klein, as well as the one developed by the Federal Reserve bank (the FMP/MPS, 1966), the global economy model developed by the team directed by Klein (LINK, 1971), the MCM, the Bank of England’s Quarterly Model, and Data Resources Inc. (DRI). I show that Tinbergen treated investment in a sectoral and indirect manner, whereas Klein endogenized it through explicit equations, incorporating past profits, liquid assets, and initial capital. In subsequent generations, investment became a central channel for the transmission of policies and international shocks, modeled as a function of the cost of capital, demand expectations, and cash flows in the private sector. I then conclude that postwar macroeconometrics not only offered a strategic tool for policymaking but also transformed investment into a structuring axis of modeling, reflecting the interplay between economic theory, historical context, and technological innovation.
Palavras-chave
Macroeconometria; Modelos macroeconométricos de grande escala; Investimento; Política econômica; Pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial; Macroeconometrics; Large Scale macroeconometric models; Investment; Economic policy; Post-World War II
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URL na Scopus
Sinopse
Objetivos de aprendizagem
Idioma
Português
Notas
Membros da banca
Área do Conhecimento CNPQ
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA