Coleção de Artigos em Andamento [Working Papers]
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.insper.edu.br/handle/11224/3233
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2 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
- Desigualdade Racial nas Eleições Brasileiras (Racial Inequality in Brazilian Elections)(2022) SERGIO PINHEIRO FIRPO; França, Michael; Portella, Alysson; Tavares, RafaelUsing data from Brazilian elections for federal and state legislative chambers from 2014 and 2018, we investigated the measure of racial balance in descriptive representation, that is, how much candidates and elected representatives reflect the racial composition of the population. We construct a Racial Balance Index (RBI) that aims to compare the percentage of black candidates and elected representatives with their percentage in the electorate. We analyze this index at the national and state levels, as well as within parties, also taking into account their ideological position. The results indicate some racial balance with respect to candidacies, but a high imbalance when we consider the elected representatives. To complement the analysis, we also investigated racial disparities in access to campaign resources. We found that not only do black candidates receive fewer resources on average, but these resources are more concentrated among them.
Working Paper Under pressure: women's leadership during the COVID-19 crisis(2021) Bruce, Raphael; Cavgias, Alexsandros; Meloni, Luis; Remígio, MárioIn this paper, we study the effect of women's public leadership in times of crisis. More specifically, we use a regression discontinuity design in close mayoral races between male and female candidates to understand the impact of having a woman as a mayor during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. We provide evidence that municipalities under female leadership had fewer deaths and hospitalizations per 100 thousand inhabitants and enforced more non-pharmaceutical interventions (e.g., mask usage and prohibition of gatherings). We also show that these results are not due to measures taken before the pandemic or other observable mayoral characteristics such as education or political preferences. Finally, we provide evidence that these effects are stronger in municipalities where Brazil's far-right president, who publicly disavowed the importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions, had a higher vote share in the 2018 election. Overall, our findings provide credible causal evidence that female leaders outperformed male ones when dealing with a global policy issue. Moreover, our results also showcase the role local leaders can play in counteracting bad policies implemented by populist leaders at the national level.