Artigos Acadêmicos e Noticiosos
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.insper.edu.br/handle/11224/3226
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66 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Artigo Científico Triumph in the sky: how new entrants survive in the brazilian air market postderegulation(2025) Marcusso, Marcelo Nascimento; Gama, Marina Amado Bahia; Ferreira, Paul; Domingos, Fernando DeodatoObjective: This study aims to identify the critical factors influencing the survival of new entrants in Brazil's post-deregulation air transportation market, focusing on the strategies employed by Gol, Azul, and Itapemirim airlines. Methodology: Using an exploratory qualitative approach, the research employs case studies to analyze the strategic decisions of these three companies in the post-deregulation market. Data was gathered from secondary sources, including financial reports, press releases, and industry analyses. Originality / Relevance: While deregulation successfully reduced fares and increased demand, the low survival rate of new entrants in the Brazilian market highlights a critical gap in the literature on airline competition. This study contributes to the limited research on how new entrants navigate challenges in highly concentrated markets, particularly in developing countries. Main Results: Findings suggest that the survival of new entrants is primarily driven by their ability to scale operations and maintain high load factors. Key factors include low operating costs, access to financial capital, a young fleet, and skilled human capital. Additionally, brand perception, pricing strategies, and technological innovation were found to be essential for sustaining competitive advantages. Theoretical / Methodological Contributions: The study advances understanding of strategic survival mechanisms in deregulated markets, offering insights into how firms can overcome barriers to entry and scale. Managerial Contributions: The findings provide practical guidance for airlines and policymakers to foster a more competitive and sustainable market environment.Artigo de Periódico Noticioso The interplay of discretion and complexity in public contracting and renegotiations(2025) Domingos, Fernando Deodato; Heinrich, Carolyn J.; Saussier, Stéphane; Shiva, MehdiThis article investigates how the use of discretion in public–private contracts interplays with transactional complexity in influencing contract renegotiations. Motivations for contract renegotiations may be positive, negative (e.g., opportunistic), or neutral, and we argue that allowing discretion at the award stage may promote a more relational approach to contracting that fosters cooperation and productive adaptation. Using a dataset of 12,189 renegotiated contracts from the Tenders Electronic Daily eProcurement platform—based on European Union public procurement directives—we apply regression analyses and propensity score matching to examine how contracts are awarded and renegotiated. Our findings suggest that contracts awarded with government discretion are associated with renegotiations that are viewed more positively and less likely to be perceived as opportunistic. However, this beneficial role for discretion appears to be mitigated by contract transactional complexity, making this a critical consideration in efforts to improve the governance of provider relationships and increase public value. By integrating insights from incomplete and relational contracting theories, this study contributes to the public administration and management literature by demonstrating how discretion and complexity jointly shape contract renegotiation dynamics, informing governance strategies that balance flexibility and accountability in public procurement.Artigo Científico Promotion at re-entry: gender-contingent configurations in boomerang careers(2025) Ferreira, Paul; Domingos, Fernando Deodato; Ito, NobuiukiBoomerang moves – leaving and later rejoining a former employer – are increasingly common, yet we know little about which combinations of conditions are associated with promotion at re-entry, or whether those combinations differ by gender. Studying Brazilian professionals who returned to prior employers (N = 147), we use a configurational (fsQCA) approach to examine how two forms of prior organizational engagement – maintaining ties with former colleagues and staying informed about the organization’s development – combine with initial tenure and time away to relate to advancement upon return. We find one robust route in the pooled sample: an engagement bundle – maintained ties plus current organizational awareness – sufficient for promotion, with neither long prior tenure nor a long separation required. Gender-segmented analyses qualify this pattern. For men, the engagement bundle frequently suffices on its own. For women, higher-prevalence successful profiles pair the engagement bundle with longer prior tenure and – under stricter screens – a longer time away. A tenure-plus-awareness variant without maintained ties appears only at low prevalence and is concentrated among men. The study contributes an individual-level, configurational account of boomerang careers and shows that advancement at return is read through bundles rather than single indicators. We translate these profiles into implications by aligning individual signalling with organizational routines across the separation–return lifecycle.Artigo Científico Herbert Simon's Legacy for Public Administration(2025) Gomes, Ricardo C.; Domingos, Fernando D.Herbert Simon's pioneering developments on bounded rationality and artificial intelligence (AI) have had a profound and lasting impact on public administration. This paper systematically examines Simon's legacy, exploring how his concepts have shaped scholarship in three core areas: decision-making, human performance, and organizational knowledge. By connecting Simon's insights into contemporary advancements in AI, we highlight several avenues for further research. We uncover opportunities to enhance administrative processes while addressing pressing ethical and operational challenges, such as designing adaptive frameworks that balance innovation with accountability in public administration. Simon's work continues to offer essential guidance for navigating the complexities of governance in the digital age.Artigo Científico Contracting ‘person-centred’ working by results: street-level managers and frontline experiences in an outcomes-based contract(2025) Carter, Eleanor; Rosenbach, Franziska; Domingos, Fernando; Lier, Felix-Anselm vanOutcomes-based contracting (OBC) has been heralded as a mechanism for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of social programmes yet has persistently failed to deliver meaningful support for people experiencing social disadvantage. This mixed-method study evaluates the contractual shift of a British support service for adults with multiple, complex needs from bilateral fee-for-service arrangements to an outcome contract in the form of a ‘social impact bond’. Our findings add much-needed empirical evidence on the implications of OBC for personalization and co-production of public service delivery. In contrast to prior payment-by-results experiments we find evidence of enhanced person-centredness and asset-based practice.Artigo Científico Willingness to include: Enabling pro-social strategies in private settings(2024) Domingos, Fernando D.; Caluz, Antonio DanielThis paper examines how private firms can align financial and social goals by including disenfranchised populations as beneficiaries. Using a quasi-experimental study in a Brazilian private for-profit school, we explore whether enfranchised (non-vulnerable) and disenfranchised (income-constrained) students benefit from interacting in more diverse settings. First, we find that diversity improves the educational outcomes of enfranchised students. Second, as a socially desirable ripple effect, we observe an increase in the willingness of their families to support social inclusion through donations. Our results demonstrate that private firms can connect disenfranchised and enfranchised groups, fostering mutual value creation and aligning social and commercial objectives. We conclude by discussing the conditions that facilitate these mechanisms in various organizational settings.Artigo Científico Navigating contract renegotiations with sustainability at the helm: Societal benefits and transaction costs(2024) Domingos, Fernando Deodato; Heinrich, Carolyn J.; Saussier, Stéphane; Shiva, MehdiPublic procurement and cross-sector collaborations in national economies offer the opportunity for advances in sustainability practices, including through sustainability-related renegotiations during the execution of public contracts. Using rich, granular data from contract modification notices made publicly available by the European Union (EU) tenders electronic daily (TED), we investigate whether sustainability-related renegotiations, apart from generating positive environmental externalities, also limit ex-post transaction costs associated with contract renegotiations. Transaction costs are assessed in our study by the sentiment of renegotiations (negative or conflictual) and potential red flags associated with overly costly adjustments. Our findings suggest that regardless of whether contracts were initially focused on sustainable issues or not, sustainability-related renegotiations could have the dual benefit of a priori reducing environmental externalities while further limiting ex-post transaction costs associated with contract execution. More generally, contract modifications (renegotiations) may be under-utilised in public procurement contracts given their possible ‘double dividends’.Artigo Científico An Automated Electronic System in a Motorized Wheelchair for Telemonitoring: Mixed Methods Study Based on Internet of Things(2023) Gradim, Luma Carolina Câmara; Santana, André Luiz Maciel; José, Marcelo Archanjo; Zuffo, Marcelo Knörich; Lopes, Roseli de DeusBackground: Wheelchair positioning systems can prevent postural deficits and pressure injuries. However, a more effective professional follow-up is needed to assess and monitor positioning according to the specificities and clinical conditions of each user. Objective: This study aims to present the concept of an electronic system embedded in a motorized wheelchair, based on the Internet of Things (IoT), for automated positioning as part of a study on wheelchairs and telemonitoring. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study with a user-centered design approach, interviews with 16 wheelchair users and 66 professionals for the development of system functions, and a formative assessment of 5 participants with descriptive analysis to design system concepts. Results: We presented a new wheelchair system with hardware and software components developed based on coparticipation with singular components in an IoT architecture. In an IoT solution, the incorporation of sensors from the inertial measurement unit was crucial. These sensors were vital for offering alternative methods to monitor and control the tilt and recline functions of a wheelchair. This monitoring and control could be achieved autonomously through a smartphone app. In addition, this capability addressed the requirements of real users. Conclusions: The technologies presented in this system can benefit telemonitoring and favor real feedback, allowing quality provision of health services to wheelchair users. User-centered development favored development with specific functions to meet the real demands of users. We emphasize the importance of future studies on the correlation between diagnoses and the use of the system in a real environment to help professionals in treatment.Artigo Científico Prediction of bacterial and fungal bloodstream infections using machine learning in patients undergoing chemotherapy(2025) Freire, Maristela P.; ADHEMAR VILLANI JUNIOR; Lazar Neto, Felippe; Lage, Luis Alberto De Padua Covas; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli; Abdala, Edson; Nunes, Fatima L.S.; Levin, Anna Sara S.Purpose This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict bloodstream infection (BSI) in chemotherapy patients. Patients and methods We included all cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at a tertiary cancer hospital from 2017 to 2022. Data were collected per chemotherapy cycle, including chemotherapy drugs, indications, cycle number, cancer type, body mass index, age, gender, complete blood count, creatinine levels, and microbial cultures. BSI was assessed within 21 days after chemotherapy. The ML algorithms tested included logistic regression, ridge regression, k-nearest neighbors, Naive Bayes, Perceptron, neural networks, decision trees, boosting methods, Random Forests, and Support Vector Machines. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was used to measure feature importance. Results Among 107,757 cycles from 19,225 patients, 91.7 % had solid tumors, primarily breast (36.8 %) and gastrointestinal (19.4 %) cancers. The first cycle accounted for 23.7 % of cycles, and palliative chemotherapy made up 52.9 %. Alkylating agent was the most common drug class used (55.5 %). BSI occurred in 1.33 % of cycles, with 34 % of these cases occurring in neutropenic patients. Of the bacteremia cases, 11.8 % were polymicrobial, and 69.3 % involved gram-negative bacteria. The best model was a neural network with one hidden layer (5 neurons), achieving 70.7 % sensitivity, 93.49 % specificity, 93.19 % accuracy, and an area under a receiver operating characteristic curve of 91.93 %. Key predictors included the first cycle, antimetabolite use, palliative chemotherapy, monocytopenia, and hematological malignancies. Conclusion ML effectively predicts bacteremia in chemotherapy patients, including non-neutropenic cases, and could be used in clinical practice to guide treatment and infection workup.Artigo Científico Evaluation of artifacts produced by cannulated and solid-core screws using magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography(2026) Cassanego, Guilherme Rech; Rahal, Sheila Canevese; Santos, Tauan Silva Gouveia; Silva, Jeana Pereira da; Santos, Diogo Borges Renó dos; Mamprim, Maria Jaqueline; Carbonari, Marcelo José; Siqueira, Rafael CerântolaThis study aimed to evaluate, using both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), the imaging artifacts associated with two types of titanium screws—cannulated and solid—from three different manufacturers, implanted in the canine humeral condyle. Three groups were established: G1 – 3.5 × 30 mm solid cortical screws and partially threaded cannulated screws; G2 – 3.5 × 28 mm solid cortical screws and 3.5 × 26 mm fully threaded conical compression cannulated screws; and G3 – 3.5 × 30 mm solid screws and 3.0 × 26 mm fully threaded conical compression cannulated screws. MRI evaluation was performed using SE DP/T2, Turbo 3D T1, STIR, and fast FLAIR sequences, while CT evaluation used transverse images. On MRI, solid screws produced more discrete and localized artifacts, mainly as peri-implant signal void/blooming with minimal geometric distortion and mild limitation of cortical and articular surface assessment. In contrast, cannulated screws generated larger areas of signal loss, especially in Turbo 3D T1 and fat-suppressed STIR/FLAIR sequences, although humeral condyle evaluation remained feasible. On CT, solid screws exhibited more pronounced metallic artifacts (beam hardening, streaks, mild blooming) compared with cannulated screws; however, these artifacts did not prevent assessment of peri-implant structures. Artifact measurements on MRI (Turbo 3D T1) and CT were higher for cannulated screws in G1 and G2, whereas in G3 solid screw produced greater artifact. In conclusion, both design and material composition of the screw significantly influence image quality, highlighting the importance of considering these factors when selecting the screw and planning imaging protocols.