Estratégias de Investimento de Fundos de Private Equity em SAFs: Uma análise de viabilidade por teses de valor no futebol brasileiro
N/D
Autores
Cardozo, Igor Fernandes Cavalcante
Orientador
Corch, Eduardo
Co-orientadores
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de documento
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Data
2025
Resumo
O futebol brasileiro, apesar de sua relevância cultural e econômica, enfrentou por décadas uma crise sistêmica de endividamento e má gestão, decorrente do modelo associativo. A promulgação da Lei nº 14.193/2021, que instituiu a Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (SAF), representou um marco regulatório, criando um ambiente de governança corporativa e segurança jurídica com o objetivo de atrair capital profissional. Este trabalho analisa a viabilidade e as estratégias do investimento de fundos de Private Equity (PE) em SAFs no Brasil. A pesquisa detalha a arquitetura jurídico-financeira do modelo SAF, a lógica operacional e o ciclo de investimento do Private Equity, e identifica três teses de investimento centrais: (1) Turnaround, Crescimento e Revenda, focada na reestruturação de clubes tradicionais em crise; (2) Plataforma Global de Talentos, que transforma o clube em uma operação de desenvolvimento e comercialização de atletas; e (3) Ativos Estratégicos, centrada na monetização de patrimônio imobiliário e direitos de mídia. Por meio de uma metodologia qualitativa com estudo de múltiplos casos, a pesquisa investiga empiricamente a aplicação dessas teses nos projetos do Cruzeiro, Sfera FC e Portuguesa. O principal achado é que a Tese 1 (Turnaround), exemplificada pelo Cruzeiro, demonstrou a maior viabilidade de exit no curto prazo, sendo a única a completar um ciclo de investimento com retorno lucrativo em 28 meses. Em contrapartida, a Tese 2 (Plataforma de Talentos), do Sfera FC, apresenta-se como um modelo estruturalmente mais robusto e escalável a longo prazo, por desassociar a receita da volátil performance esportiva. A Tese 3 (Ativos Estratégicos), por sua vez, revelou ser a de maior e mais complexo risco de execução
Brazilian football, despite its cultural and economic relevance, has faced a systemic crisis of indebtedness and mismanagement for decades, stemming from the associative model. The enactment of Law No. 14,193/2021, which established the Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (SAF) or Football Corporation, represented a regulatory milestone, creating an environment of corporate governance and legal security aimed at attracting professional capital. This paper analyzes the viability and strategies of Private Equity (PE) fund investments in SAFs in Brazil. The research details the legal-financial architecture of the SAF model, the operational logic and investment cycle of Private Equity, and identifies three central investment theses: (1) Turnaround, Growth, and Resale, focused on restructuring traditional clubs in crisis; (2) Global Talent Platform, which transforms the club into an athlete development and trading operation; and (3) Strategic Assets, centered on the monetization of real estate and media rights. Through a qualitative, multiple-case study methodology, the research empirically investigates the application of these theses in the projects of Cruzeiro, Sfera FC, and Portuguesa. The main finding is that Thesis 1 (Turnaround), exemplified by Cruzeiro, demonstrated the greatest short-term exit viability, being the only one to complete an investment cycle with a profitable return in 28 months. In contrast, Thesis 2 (Talent Platform), from Sfera FC, presents itself as a structurally more robust and scalable long-term model, as it decouples revenue from volatile sporting performance. Thesis 3 (Strategic Assets), in turn, was revealed to have the highest and most complex execution risk
Brazilian football, despite its cultural and economic relevance, has faced a systemic crisis of indebtedness and mismanagement for decades, stemming from the associative model. The enactment of Law No. 14,193/2021, which established the Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (SAF) or Football Corporation, represented a regulatory milestone, creating an environment of corporate governance and legal security aimed at attracting professional capital. This paper analyzes the viability and strategies of Private Equity (PE) fund investments in SAFs in Brazil. The research details the legal-financial architecture of the SAF model, the operational logic and investment cycle of Private Equity, and identifies three central investment theses: (1) Turnaround, Growth, and Resale, focused on restructuring traditional clubs in crisis; (2) Global Talent Platform, which transforms the club into an athlete development and trading operation; and (3) Strategic Assets, centered on the monetization of real estate and media rights. Through a qualitative, multiple-case study methodology, the research empirically investigates the application of these theses in the projects of Cruzeiro, Sfera FC, and Portuguesa. The main finding is that Thesis 1 (Turnaround), exemplified by Cruzeiro, demonstrated the greatest short-term exit viability, being the only one to complete an investment cycle with a profitable return in 28 months. In contrast, Thesis 2 (Talent Platform), from Sfera FC, presents itself as a structurally more robust and scalable long-term model, as it decouples revenue from volatile sporting performance. Thesis 3 (Strategic Assets), in turn, was revealed to have the highest and most complex execution risk
Palavras-chave
Sociedade Anônima do Futebol; Private Equity; Finanças do Futebol; Teses de Investimento; Investimento no futebol; Governança Corporativa; Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (Football Corporation); Private Equity; Football Finance; Corporate Governance; Investment Theses; Football Investment
Titulo de periódico
Texto completo
Título de Livro
URL na Scopus
Sinopse
Objetivos de aprendizagem
Idioma
Português
Notas
Membros da banca
Corch, Eduardo
Sirangelo, Marco Pereira da Silva
Área do Conhecimento CNPQ
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::CRESCIMENTO, FLUTUACOES E PLANEJAMENTO ECONOMICO
