Publication: O peso na balança: evidências do comércio bilateral entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos
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Authors
Novis, Eduardo Abud
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Type
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Date
2024
Abstract
Este artigo avalia as relações de curto e longo prazo entre o saldo comercial brasileiro
com os Estados Unidos e a taxa real de câmbio entre as moedas dos dois países. Mais
especificamente, foram investigadas a validade da condição de Marshall-Lerner e a
existência dos efeitos de curva J nesta relação bilateral de comércio. Para avaliar estas
hipóteses empiricamente, foram utilizados dados de frequência mensal, datados entre
janeiro de 2003 e fevereiro de 2024, totalizando 254 observações. As variáveis
incorporadas ao estudo foram a razão entre o valor das exportações e importações do
Brasil com os EUA (medidas em dólares e retiradas do Ipeadata), o câmbio real entre o
real brasileiro e o dólar americano (calculado pelo IPEA), o IBC-Br (retirado do Banco
Central do Brasil) e o PIB real mensal americano (MGDP Index retirado do S&P Global).
A partir da estimação de um Modelo Vetorial de Correção de Erros (VECM), foi
encontrado uma elasticidade positiva (próxima de 1,62) de longo prazo da razão de
exportações em relação ao câmbio real, uma evidência favorável a validade da condição
de Marshall-Lerner. Por outro lado, não foram encontradas evidências de efeitos de curva
J no curto prazo.
This article evaluates the short and long-term relationship between Brazil's trade balance with the United States and the real exchange rate between the countries’ currencies. More specifically, the validity of Marshall-Lerner’s condition and the existence of J-curve effects were investigated for this bilateral trade relationship. To evaluate these hypotheses empirically, 254 monthly data observations from January 2003 to February 2024 were used. The variables used in this study were the ratio between the value of Brazil's exports (to) and imports from the U.S. (measured in dollars and taken from Ipeadata), the real exchange rate between the Brazilian real and the U.S. dollar (calculated by IPEA), the IBC-Br (taken from the Central Bank of Brazil) and the U.S. monthly real GDP (MGDP Index taken from S&P Global). From the estimation of a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), a long-term positive elasticity (close to 1.62) of the export ratio in relation to the real exchange rate was found, which suggests that Marshall-Lerner’s condition holds. On the other hand, no evidence of short-term J-curve effects was found.
This article evaluates the short and long-term relationship between Brazil's trade balance with the United States and the real exchange rate between the countries’ currencies. More specifically, the validity of Marshall-Lerner’s condition and the existence of J-curve effects were investigated for this bilateral trade relationship. To evaluate these hypotheses empirically, 254 monthly data observations from January 2003 to February 2024 were used. The variables used in this study were the ratio between the value of Brazil's exports (to) and imports from the U.S. (measured in dollars and taken from Ipeadata), the real exchange rate between the Brazilian real and the U.S. dollar (calculated by IPEA), the IBC-Br (taken from the Central Bank of Brazil) and the U.S. monthly real GDP (MGDP Index taken from S&P Global). From the estimation of a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), a long-term positive elasticity (close to 1.62) of the export ratio in relation to the real exchange rate was found, which suggests that Marshall-Lerner’s condition holds. On the other hand, no evidence of short-term J-curve effects was found.
Keywords
Balança Comercial; Marshall-Lerner; Curva J; VECM; Trade Balance; Marshall-Lerner; J-curve; VECM
Journal Title
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Book's title
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Main language
Português
Notes
Examination board
Viaro, Arthur Augusto
Subject Area - CNPq Classification
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA