Explorando os efeitos da aposentadoria sobre a saúde brasileira: uma abordagem de regressão descontínua
N/D
Autores
Casella, João Alonso
Orientador
Teixeira, Adriano Dutra
Co-orientadores
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de documento
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Data
2024
Resumo
presente estudo analisa os efeitos das recentes mudanças no sistema
previdenciário brasileiro sobre variáveis de saúde pública, como saúde mental,
comportamental, física e laboral. A pesquisa abrange uma contextualização dos
mecanismos previdenciários no Brasil, as mudanças mais recentes, além de destacar
o perfil descritivo demográfico do país. A monografia se aprofunda nas ligações que
as literaturas teóricas apresentam entre as preferências que os indivíduos possuem
sobre investir em suas próprias saúdes e os contextos de qualidade de vida dos
mesmos, dados os contextos adversos de momento de vida: anterior ou posterior à
decisão de aposentadoria. A pesquisa intenciona comparar as principais teorias
sobre o processo de ajuste individual à decisão de aposentadoria com os modelos
econômicos (de estoque) mais conhecidos e atuais para a demanda por saúde e
utilidade relativa ao tempo de vida pessoal. Na análise empírica, foram coletados
microdados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2019, com o intuito de tratar
as recentes alterações à legislação previdenciária brasileira como descontinuidades
dentro da metodologia de regressão em descontinuidade (RDD), usando a idade
como running-variable. Assim, a abordagem endogeniza a decisão de se aposentar
ao estudo da saúde como variável dependente, de tal forma a avaliar fatores
subjetivos e objetivos sobre a saúde mental e física da população. Em geral, foram
observados efeitos mais proeminentes de piora nos hábitos de saúde das
populações urbanas (maior sedentarismo), embora invistam mais em atividades
profiláticas. As populações rurais apresentaram melhoras nos indicadores de
hábitos sociais/bem-estar, com destaque à amostra feminina, apesar de
apresentarem piora nos cuidados preventivos.
The present study examines the effects of recent changes in the Brazilian pension system on public health variables, such as mental, behavioral, physical, and occupational health. The research encompasses a contextualization of pension mechanisms in Brazil, the main changes that have occurred in recent years, as well as highlighting the demographic descriptive profile of the country. The monograph delves into the causal links that theoretical literature presents between individuals' preferences for investing in their own health and their quality-of-life contexts, given adverse life moments: before or after the decision to retire. The research intends to compare the main theories about the individual adjustment process to the retirement decision with the most well-known and current economic (stock) models for health demand and relative utility over personal lifetime. Thus, the approach endogenizes the decision to retire to the study of health as a dependent variable, in such a way as to evaluate subjective and objective factors on the mental and physical health of the population. Empirically, microdata from the National Health Survey (PNS) of 2019 were collected, with the aim of treating recent changes to Brazilian pension legislation as discontinuities within the Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) methodology, using age as a running-variable. Overall, more prominent effects of worsening health habits were observed in urban populations (greater sedentary behavior), although they invest more in preventive activities. Rural populations showed improvements in social habits and well-being indicators, particularly among the female sample, despite experiencing declines in preventive care.
The present study examines the effects of recent changes in the Brazilian pension system on public health variables, such as mental, behavioral, physical, and occupational health. The research encompasses a contextualization of pension mechanisms in Brazil, the main changes that have occurred in recent years, as well as highlighting the demographic descriptive profile of the country. The monograph delves into the causal links that theoretical literature presents between individuals' preferences for investing in their own health and their quality-of-life contexts, given adverse life moments: before or after the decision to retire. The research intends to compare the main theories about the individual adjustment process to the retirement decision with the most well-known and current economic (stock) models for health demand and relative utility over personal lifetime. Thus, the approach endogenizes the decision to retire to the study of health as a dependent variable, in such a way as to evaluate subjective and objective factors on the mental and physical health of the population. Empirically, microdata from the National Health Survey (PNS) of 2019 were collected, with the aim of treating recent changes to Brazilian pension legislation as discontinuities within the Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) methodology, using age as a running-variable. Overall, more prominent effects of worsening health habits were observed in urban populations (greater sedentary behavior), although they invest more in preventive activities. Rural populations showed improvements in social habits and well-being indicators, particularly among the female sample, despite experiencing declines in preventive care.
Palavras-chave
Aposentadoria; Saúde; Regressão em Descontinuidade; Saúde comportamental; Cuidados à saúde; Retirement; Health; Regression Discontinuity Design; Health behaviour; Healthcare
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URL da fonte
Título de Livro
URL na Scopus
Idioma
Português
Notas
Membros da banca
Área do Conhecimento CNPQ
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA