O impacto dos ratings ESG na performance dos ativos brasileiros de capital aberto
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Autores
Lemgruber, Jéssica do Nascimento Feitosa
Orientador
Co-orientadores
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Data
2023
Resumo
No presente estudo, examinamos o impacto dos ratings ESG na performance das
empresas de capital aberto no Brasil. O objetivo foi avaliar o impacto dos ratings na
performance das empresas brasileiras negociadas em bolsa. Muitos estudos
apresentam pesquisas acerca dos Estados Unidos e da Europa, mas pouco se sabe
sobre o Brasil, considerando que o tema ESG começou a ganhar um pouco mais de
destaque somente na última década. Identificamos os ratings ESG e os pilares social,
ambiental e de governança por meio de duas ferramentas: Refinitiv e Bloomberg.
Montamos portfólios com base em duas metodologias: portfólio ESG e regressões
transversais. No modelo ESG, construímos três carteiras: a high composta pelas
empresas com os 20% melhores ratings; a low composta pelas empresas com os 20%
piores ratings; e a high-low comprada na carteira high e vendida a descoberto na
carteira low. No modelo de regressões transversais, utilizamos todas as empresas da
base de dados, sem linhas de corte. Nossas descobertas indicaram que o método de
portfólio ESG não suporta uma relação entre o desempenho social e o desempenho
financeiro de uma empresa, medida em termos de pontuações ESG. As regressões
transversais sugeriram uma influência negativa e significativa de algumas variáveis
ESG no corte transversal. Os resultados sugeriram que os investidores não devem
esperar retornos anormais negociando uma carteira diferenciada de empresas com
classificação alta e baixa em relação aos aspectos ESG. Para uma análise mais
completa seria necessário aguardar um compilado de dados mais robusto,
contemplando um período de tempo mais amplo e uma quantidade maior de empresas
para obter resultados mais consistentes.
In this study, we examined the impact of ESG ratings on the performance of publicly traded companies in Brazil. The objective was to evaluate the impact of ratings on the performance of publicly traded Brazilian companies. Many studies showed research from the United States of America and Europe, but little is known about Brazil, considering that the ESG topic began to gain a little more prominence only in the last decade. We identified ESG ratings and the social, environmental and governance pillars through two tools: Refinitiv and Bloomberg. We build portfolios using two methodologies: ESG portfolio and cross-sectional regressions. In the ESG portfolio model, we set up three portfolios: the high portfolio was made up of companies with the 20% best ratings; the low portfolio was made up of companies with the 20% worst ratings; and the high-low portfolio was purchased from the high and sold uncovered in the low portfolio. In the cross-sectional regression model, all companies in the database were used, without cutoff lines. Our findings indicated that the ESG portfolio method does not support a relationship between a company's social performance and financial performance measured in terms of ESG scores. Cross-sectional regressions suggested a significant and negative influence of some ESG variables in the cross section. The results suggested that investors should not expect abnormal returns by trading a differentiated portfolio of companies rated high and low on ESG aspects. For a more complete analysis, it would be necessary to wait for a more robust data compilation, covering a broader period of time and a larger number of companies to obtain more consistent results.
In this study, we examined the impact of ESG ratings on the performance of publicly traded companies in Brazil. The objective was to evaluate the impact of ratings on the performance of publicly traded Brazilian companies. Many studies showed research from the United States of America and Europe, but little is known about Brazil, considering that the ESG topic began to gain a little more prominence only in the last decade. We identified ESG ratings and the social, environmental and governance pillars through two tools: Refinitiv and Bloomberg. We build portfolios using two methodologies: ESG portfolio and cross-sectional regressions. In the ESG portfolio model, we set up three portfolios: the high portfolio was made up of companies with the 20% best ratings; the low portfolio was made up of companies with the 20% worst ratings; and the high-low portfolio was purchased from the high and sold uncovered in the low portfolio. In the cross-sectional regression model, all companies in the database were used, without cutoff lines. Our findings indicated that the ESG portfolio method does not support a relationship between a company's social performance and financial performance measured in terms of ESG scores. Cross-sectional regressions suggested a significant and negative influence of some ESG variables in the cross section. The results suggested that investors should not expect abnormal returns by trading a differentiated portfolio of companies rated high and low on ESG aspects. For a more complete analysis, it would be necessary to wait for a more robust data compilation, covering a broader period of time and a larger number of companies to obtain more consistent results.
Palavras-chave
ESG; Ambiental, social e governança; Performance das ações brasileiras; Impacto dos ratings ESG; ESG; Environmental, social and governance; Performance of Brazilian shares; Impact of ESG ratings
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URL na Scopus
Idioma
Português
Notas
Membros da banca
Área do Conhecimento CNPQ
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::CRESCIMENTO, FLUTUACOES E PLANEJAMENTO ECONOMICO