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An Automated Electronic System in a Motorized Wheelchair for Telemonitoring: Mixed Methods Study Based on Internet of Things
(2023) Gradim, Luma Carolina Câmara; Santana, André Luiz Maciel; José, Marcelo Archanjo; Zuffo, Marcelo Knörich; Lopes, Roseli de Deus
Background:
Wheelchair positioning systems can prevent postural deficits and pressure injuries. However, a more effective professional follow-up is needed to assess and monitor positioning according to the specificities and clinical conditions of each user.
Objective:
This study aims to present the concept of an electronic system embedded in a motorized wheelchair, based on the Internet of Things (IoT), for automated positioning as part of a study on wheelchairs and telemonitoring.
Methods:
We conducted a mixed methods study with a user-centered design approach, interviews with 16 wheelchair users and 66 professionals for the development of system functions, and a formative assessment of 5 participants with descriptive analysis to design system concepts.
Results:
We presented a new wheelchair system with hardware and software components developed based on coparticipation with singular components in an IoT architecture. In an IoT solution, the incorporation of sensors from the inertial measurement unit was crucial. These sensors were vital for offering alternative methods to monitor and control the tilt and recline functions of a wheelchair. This monitoring and control could be achieved autonomously through a smartphone app. In addition, this capability addressed the requirements of real users.
Conclusions:
The technologies presented in this system can benefit telemonitoring and favor real feedback, allowing quality provision of health services to wheelchair users. User-centered development favored development with specific functions to meet the real demands of users. We emphasize the importance of future studies on the correlation between diagnoses and the use of the system in a real environment to help professionals in treatment.
e-Seating - Aplicativo para apoiar o processo de avaliação e prescrição de cadeira de rodas e dispositivos de adequação postural: avaliação da experiência do usuário
(2023) Klein, Adriana Nathalie; Gradim, Luma Carolina Câmara; Santana, André Luiz Maciel; Moreira, Ana Lídia Corrêa da Silva; Ficheman, Irene Karaguilla; Lopes, Roseli de Deus
Avaliar a usabilidade do aplicativo e-Seating no estado de MVP, levando em
consideração a experiência dos prescritores na prática clínica. Métodos: Foi utilizada a
Design-Based Research (DBR) e a metodologia ágil Scrum com abordagem de
desenvolvimento iterativo para aperfeiçoamento do e-Seating, considerando as avaliações
dos usuários por um questionário de Experiência do Usuário - UEQ (sigla para User
Experience Questionnaire) baseado em Schrepp, Hinderks e Thomaschewski. Foram
realizados 3 testes com 17 profissionais prescritores de cadeira de rodas, sendo divididos
para teste 1 com 6 profissionais, teste 2 com 5 e teste 3 com 6 profissionais. Os dados
foram analisados por teste estatístico (teste t) e ferramenta de análise do UEQ. Resultados:
Com a avaliação de experiência do usuário e aperfeiçoamento constante do e-Seating com
base nas avaliações, conclui-se que o e-Seating teve maior aceitabilidade pelos
prescritores que trabalham em locais privados e com profissionais autônomos do que com
profissionais que atuam no setor público. Conclusão: O uso do App pode apoiar os
profissionais de reabilitação no processo de prescrição de cadeira de rodas, ajudando a
sistematizar e integrar as informações em toda jornada do paciente.
Análise morfológica de nanofibras: uma abordagem por visão computacional e aprendizagem de máquina
(2021) Barros, Guilherme Duarte de; Santana, André Luiz Maciel; Pereira, Vitor Matheus Ferraz; Pereira, Wesley da Silva; Santana, André Luiz Maciel
The studies and applications of nanofibers have grown over the years. It was observed that the properties of the nanometer-scale yarns present advantages in applications in several areas, such as biomedical, energy storage and production, and applications involving water filtration. These materials are synthesized through a technical process and, for that reason, they are subject to the presentation of failures. The most common flaws are the formation of granules and pores. With the evolution of computing, applications that use machine learning resources can assist in detecting these failures. This work aims to evaluate and compare two different approaches to morphological analysis to see losses in nanofibers. Firstly, a data set was created using a Scanning Electron Microscope. After that, each image was analyzed by ImageJ software and by RNA solution. As a hypothesis, the article will assess whether the beads identification and the number of beads by the analog method are statistically similar (H0) or statistically different (H1) from the machine learning method. The preliminary results indicate that for the group that used 100 images and computer visualization, the analog method's accuracy was 7.23%. In order to accuracy increase, another test with 150 more distinct images was done, bringing a new result of 55.09%. The analysis time was considerably less when performed by the computational method. It was possible to conclude that the computational approach does not have the beads identification statistically similar to the analog way concerning the methodology used. Therefore, rejected H0. However, the directly proportional relationship of accuracy with the number of samples suggests that training with more various images can calibrate the algorithm.
Perdão de Dívida e seus Reflexos Contábeis e Tributários
(2022) Alexsandro Broedel Lopes; Gabriela Tuba
O presente estudo busca apresentar elementos contábeis e tributários que versam sobre os efeitos que o perdão de dívidas tributárias traz aos contribuintes e analisar, também, a utilização de normas contábeis como fundamento para as decisões recentes proferidas no âmbito do Carf e do Poder Judiciário, no sentido de que a adesão aos programas representa o desreconhecimento de um passivo, implicando receita tributável tendo em vista que há incremento patrimonial, independentemente da mensuração do passivo tributário e da natureza da sua eventual redução.