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Artigo Científico A systematic literature review of citizen science in urban studies and regional urban planning: policy, practical, and research implications(2025) Beck, Donizete; Mitkiewicz, JulianaCitizen Science (CS) has been useful in research development and policymaking, where laypeople contribute to collecting and/or analyzing data. With the technological advancement of smart cities and data analysis techniques, CS helps foster efficient/sustainable cities and data-driven decision-making. However, more effort is needed to make CS more accessible for urban scholars and practitioners. Thus, we provided a comprehensive overview of CS in Urban Studies and Regional Urban Planning (USRUP) by revealing the main thematic/method approaches, stakeholder roles, socioeconomic/environ mental/policy impacts, limitations, best practices, and cases. Thus, we performed a Systematic Literature Review on CS in USRUP using the PRISMA Guidelines of 94 studies collected from the Web of Science Core Collection, published by 2023. Our key findings underscore the practical uses of diverse methodologies and approaches employed in CS projects, emphasizing their potential to enhance urban research and policymaking. The core socioeconomic impacts of CS projects are fostering community empowerment, engagement, and educational opportunities. The main environmental impacts are enhancing monitoring capabilities, improving ecosystem service assessments, and supporting adaptive management practices. As for urban planning and policies, CS projects can foster data-driven planning, urban sustainability, urban resilience, healthier cities, and social equity. CS challenges include data quality and consistency, the digital divide, and the need for sustained funding. Best practices have included clear communication, standardized protocols, and strong community engagement. Further developments should involve citizens in more analytical roles (rather than merely instrumental ones, like data collection) in CS projects and explore CS in social urbanism for transforming vulnerable communities.Artigo Científico Seis vezes “onze ilhas”: os múltiplos sentidos de individualismo em interpretações sobre o STF(2024) DIEGO WERNECK ARGUELHES; LUIZ FERNANDO GOMES ESTEVESO Supremo Tribunal Federal é uma instituição “individualista”? Em três décadas de estudos acadêmicos e debates públicos, tem sido recorrente o tema de um tribunal tão dividido quanto o número de ministros, sintetizado em variadas imagens, das quais “onze ilhas” é a mais popular. Há menos consenso, na verdade, do que sugere o uso generalizado e recorrente dessa metáfora. Neste trabalho, identificamos ao menos seis sentidos possíveis de “individualismo” como chave de leitura e crítica do funcionamento do tribunal – alguns deles sobre a atuação dos(as) ministros(as) dentro do colegiado, outros enfocando essa atuação fora do processo decisório colegiado. Sem clareza quanto a essas diferentes leituras e suas condições específicas de sucesso como descrições do STF, a maleabilidade das imagens sobre a natureza ou funcionamento da instituição se torna problemática. Neste artigo, recorrendo duas décadas de trabalhos empíricos e normativos sobre o STF, pretendemos contribuir para diagnósticos sobre o funcionamento do tribunal por meio da reconstrução conceitual: (1) dos diferentes sentidos possíveis em que o Supremo pode ser “individualista”, (2) das diferentes condições de sucesso de trabalhos empíricos que pretendam testar hipóteses sobre cada uma dessas dimensões, e (3) dos diferentes aspectos de desenho institucional relacionados às distintas dimensões.Artigo Científico The impact of gestational weight gain on fetal and neonatal outcomes: the Araraquara Cohort Study(2024) Victor, Audêncio; Teles, Laísla de França da Silva; Aires, Isabel Oliveira; Carvalho, Leticia Falcão de; Luzia, Liania A.; Victor, Audêncio; Teles, Laísla de França da Silva; Rinaldo Artes; RINALDO ARTES; Rondó, Patrícia H.Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is an important indicator for monitoring maternal and fetal health. Objective: To evaluate the effect of GWG outside the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) on fetal and neonatal outcomes. Study design A prospective cohort study with 1642 pregnant women selected from 2017 to 2023, with gestational age≤18 weeks and followed until delivery in the city of Araraquara, Southeast Brazil. The relationship between IOM recommended GWG and fetal outcomes (abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness, arm and thigh subcutaneous tissue area and intrauterine growth restriction) and neonatal outcomes (percentage of fat mass, fat-free mass, birth weight and length, ponderal index, weight adequateness for gestational age by the Intergrowth curve, prematurity, and Apgar score) were investigated. Generalized Estimating Equations were used. Results: GWG below the IOM recommendations was associated with increased risks of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (aOR 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14–2.27), low birth weight (aOR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.85–3.21), and prematurity (aOR 2.35; 95% CI: 1.81–3.05), and lower chance of being Large for Gestational Age (LGA) (aOR 0.38; 95% CI: 0.28–0.54), with smaller arm subcutaneous tissue area (AST) (-7.99 g; 95% CI: -8.97 to -7.02), birth length (-0.76 cm; 95% CI: -1.03 to -0.49), and neonatal fat mass percentage (-0.85%; 95% CI: -1.12 to -0.58). Conversely, exceeding GWG guidelines increased the likelihood of LGA (aOR 1.53; 95% CI: 1.20–1.96), with lower 5th-minute Apgar score (aOR 0.42; 95% CI: 0.20–0.87), and increased birth weight (90.14 g; 95% CI: 53.30 to 126.99). Conclusion: Adherence to GWG recommendations is crucial, with deviations negatively impacting fetal health. Effective weight control strategies are imperative.Artigo Científico A dual character theory of law(2024) GUILHERME DA FRANCA COUTO FERNANDES DE ALMEIDAOne persistent question in jurisprudence relates to the role of morality in the concept of law. For instance, consider the question of whether unjust statutes are laws. Legal positivists say that they’re laws in every relevant sense, while natural lawyers say that they’re not. This article considers a different answer inspired by recent findings in experimental philosophy: there is one relevant sense in which unjust statutes are laws, but also a different relevant sense in which they aren’t. After considering the ways in which this alternative differs from some of the mainstream theories in general jurisprudence, the article argues that it provides more elegant solutions to two problems that have puzzled legal philosophers in the past: the paradox of customary international law and the shifts in legal discourse over history.Artigo Científico Capital structure determinants of private and public firms in an emerging economy: a panel data quantile regression analysis(2024) ADRIANA BRUSCATO BORTOLUZZO; Sanvicente, Antonio Zoratto; Bortoluzzo, Maurício MesquitaPurpose This study explores distinct capital structure patterns between private and public companies, examining the varying influence of determinants on debt choices contingent upon a firm’s existing debt position. Design/methodology/approach Employing annual data from 2012 to 2022 for 142 public firms and 660 private firms in a large emerging economy, we use quantile regression within a panel data framework to study the heterogeneous effects of debt determinants, incorporating firm and time random effects. Findings Our findings indicate that such factors as size and operating margin contribute to higher levels of debt, while investment opportunities reduce the debt level. Further analyses, when accounting for a firm’s likelihood of being publicly traded, reveal that dividend payout and operating margin significantly influence debt levels, exclusively in the presence of high debt proportions. Conversely, investment opportunities emerge as a substantial determinant in all debt scenarios. In addition, we found a strong persistence in the indebtedness of companies, and we conclude that the effect of the determinants of indebtedness is heterogeneous according to the level of debt of companies. Originality/value This research provides a comprehensive comparison between private and public firms, not only in terms of debt levels but also in key capital structure determinants, highlighting their significance within the context of varying debt levels.- The dark side of the boom: dutch disease, competition with China, and technological upgrading in colombian manufacturing(2024) Branstetter, Lee G.; Laverde-Cubillos, N. RicardoThe natural resource boom of the 2000s spurred growth in income and consumption in many commodity-exporting nations. However, this paper brings together a previously unused combination of data sets from Colombia to document evidence of a downside – the currency appreciation associated with this boom led to a significant and persistent decline in R&D spending and in investment in technological upgrading by Colombian manufacturing firms. Our empirical strategy exploits differences in firms' sales across products and export destinations to create firm-specific measures of exposure to exchange rate shocks both abroad and at home. We link these new measurements of exchange rate exposure with Colombian micro data on R&D investment and technology upgrading. The key finding is that real exchange rate appreciation drives significant reductions in both firm-level R&D investment and a measure of technology upgrading that includes expenditure on capital goods, technology licensing, worker training, and other expenditures related to the adoption of new technology. Even after key commodity prices dropped significantly in the mid-2010s, inducing a substantial and long-lasting Colombian currency depreciation, investments in R&D and technology upgrading remained at subdued levels. Our estimated effects suggest that the resource boom and associated appreciation had a significant and persistent negative effect on technological development of Colombian manufacturing firm, and these conclusions remain even after careful attempts to simultaneously control for rising competition with Chinese manufacturers, which also had a negative effect on Colombian firms' technology investments, and the effects of trade liberalization at home and abroad. Similarities between Colombia and other commodity-exporters suggest that the effects documented in this paper may be widespread.
Artigo Científico A aprendizagem da Libras na formação inicial de professores/Libras learning in initial teacher training(2024) Lopes, Raquel Aparecida; Seixas, Catharine Prata; Neves, Sylvia Lia GrespanEste estudo tem como objetivo examinar evidências da aprendizagem da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) por estudantes do curso de Pedagogia, além de refletir sobre a inclusão da disciplina de Libras no ensino superior e sua relevância na formação inicial de professores. Foi adotada uma abordagem qualitativa, investigando-se 10 estudantes de uma instituição privada de ensino superior no Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um instrumento no qual o pesquisador apresenta 2 frases em Libras, que os estudantes devem identificar e registrar. A análise dos dados revelou um baixo domínio dos estudantes na compreensão de estruturas frasais em Libras, indicando despreparo para atuar na educação de pessoas surdas e a necessidade de reavaliar a organização da disciplina de Libras nos currículos do ensino superiorArtigo Científico Determinant factors of banking proftability: an application of quantile regression for panel data(2024) ADRIANA BRUSCATO BORTOLUZZO; Ciganda, Rodrigo Ricardo; Bortoluzzo, Mauricio MesquitaThis study examines the determinants of bank proftability using a quantile regression approach, ofering insights into factors afecting banks across diferent percentiles of proftability. Utilizing a comprehensive database from Orbis covering 1200 top-market institutions across 101 countries, the research uniquely employs dynamic panel quantile regression while addressing sample survival bias. Our fndings highlight that bank size and capital adequacy nega tively impact proftability, whereas market value exerts a positive infuence on higher proftability banks. Credit risk afects proftability diferently across levels of proftability, and infation rate shows signifcance only for higher proft ability banks. The study contributes to the existing literature by ofering valuable insights into the factors determining bank proftability and how they behave at diferent percentiles in the sample, suggesting the importance of bank efciency and competition in promoting economic growth- Access to fresh food in vulnerable urban areas: a classificatory study of slums and formal establishments in São Paulo(2024) ANDRÉ LUIS DE CASTRO MOURA DUARTE; VINICIUS PICANÇO RODRIGUES; Alves, Raquel Carolinne Freitas; Oliveira, Gustavo Magalhães deThe environment significantly influences individuals’ food choices. Vulnerable urban areas, such as favelas, can have a decisive impact on discouraging the consumption of fresh, nutritionally rich foods. This issue is exacerbated by the urban infrastructure required to deliver fresh foods to these locations. Therefore, it is essential to understand the context of the favelas in the municipality of São Paulo in terms of the food environment and infrastructure to support the design of public policies that enhance the presence of minimally processed foods in these areas. We applied the k-means clustering method to two datasets: the food environment of favelas, characterized by food establishments, and the urban infrastructure of the favelas in the municipality of São Paulo. Of the city’s 1,701 favelas, only 271 have formally registered food establishments. Larger favelas with better urban infrastructure generally exhibited a food environment with greater access to fresh foods. The results suggest that investing in urban infrastructure can increase access to fresh foods in these areas. It is also necessary to consider local specificities to find effective solutions that increase the availability of minimally processed foods, thereby improving the population’s quality of life and health.
- Media manipulation in young democracies: evidence from the 1989 brazilian presidential election(2024) Cavgias, Alexsandros; Corbi, Raphael; Meloni, Luis; Novaes, Lucas M.We investigate how dominant media networks can manipulate voters in young democracies. During the first presidential election after the democratic transition in Brazil, TV Globo, the largest and most-watched network in the country, unexpectedly manipulated the news coverage of the last debate 2 days before the decisive second round. In a video segment, Globo unfavorably depicted the left-wing candidate, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Using the geographical distribution of broadcaster-specific TV signals and the timing of election events, we identify the effect of the manipulation net of the effect of the debate itself, showing that Globo’s misleading reporting caused Lula to lose millions of votes. Our results showcase how the media can reshape an election in a single stroke, especially where the media is concentrated and politically inexperienced voters have few other sources of information.
Artigo Científico Technological Adoption: The Case of PIX in Brazil(2024) Gabriel Bernardes Amboage; GUILHERME FOWLER DE AVILA MONTEIRO; ADRIANA BRUSCATO BORTOLUZZOPurpose This study investigates the primary determinants of consumers' intention to adopt PIX as a payment method in Brazil, as well as their actual usage behavior. Design/methodology/approach The study employs the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to analyze both the intention to use and the actual period of use of PIX technology as a measure of practical usage. With this approach, researchers can determine whether people’s intention to use PIX translates into a higher rate of technology adoption and effective and sustained usage. The study collected data from 659 consumers across Brazil through a questionnaire and used structural equation analysis to analyze the data. Findings Research suggests that the intention to adopt PIX as a payment method is mainly determined by the perceived value, performance expectancy, and the habit of using mobile internet. Positive associations are also confirmed between adoption intention, the effective usage time of PIX, and the habit of using mobile internet in conjunction with PIX use. Originality/value The study’s uniqueness stems from its focus on the PIX usage, which is becoming the primary payment method in Brazil. It also measures the practical usage of the technology by examining the duration of user experience. This enables the assessment of whether the intention to use PIX effectively translates into a higher speed of technology adoption.- Digital Twin data architecture for Product-Service Systems(2024) Durão, Luiz Fernando C.S.; Zancul, Eduardo; Schützer, KlausThe digital representation of physical products by Digital Twins has been increasingly perceived as a relevant enabler for Product-Service Systems (PSS). Digital Twins concentrate product data that can be applied to generate insights and thus support value-added services. However, the literature on the intersection between Digital Twin and PSS has only recently started to receive more attention. There are still research gaps related to the required data and systems integration. In this context, this research aims to propose a Digital Twin data architecture to support Product-Service Systems operation. A Design Science Research (DSR) approach is applied, and the proposed architecture has been implemented and tested. Assessment results indicated that the proposed Digital Twin architecture fulfills the four requirements established from the literature: 1) facilitate and support the service offering; 2) acquire and transmit field operation and customer data; 3) integrate design and manufacturing data; 4) guarantee real-time monitoring, data integration, and data fidelity. The presented results provide an original contribution to the research area and can serve as a reference for applying Digital Twin to support PSS in practice.
Artigo Científico DSSE: An environment for simulation of reinforcement learning-empowered drone swarm maritime search and rescue missions(2024) Falcão, Renato Laffranchi; Oliveira, Jorás Custódio Campos de; Andrade, Pedro Henrique Britto Aragão; Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro; FABRÍCIO JAILSON BARTH; Brancalion, José Fernando BassoArtigo Científico Environmental enforcement, property rights, and violence: evidence from the Brazilian Amazon(2024) Oliveira, Gustavo Magalhães de; BRUNO VARELLA MIRANDAConflicts over resources with poorly defined property rights have fuelled both deforestation and violence in the Brazilian Amazon. However, what happens when the State enhances its ability to monitor and enforce existing environmental laws? We study the case of the list of Municípios Prioritários, a policy that allocates additional resources to verify compliance with environmental laws in municipalities with high deforestation rates. Employing a difference-in-differences approach, our findings suggest that an improvement in the ability of the State to monitor and enforce environmental laws can reduce conflicts over the appropriation of value from resources with poorly defined property rights. Consistent with existing studies, we also find that the policy led to a reduction in deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazon. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current approach to curb violence in a region where the activity of mafias has considerably grown since the turn of the twenty-first century.Artigo Científico The role of primary healthcare amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the Family Health Strategy in Brazil(2024) Teixeira, Adriano Dutra; Postali, Fernando Antonio Slaibe; Ferreira-Batista, Natalia Nunes; Diaz, Maria Dolores Montoya; Moreno-Serra, RodrigoThis paper investigates the role of primary healthcare in mitigating the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the Brazilian Family Health Strategy (ESF) as a case study. ESF is Brazil’s major primary care initiative, with prior evidence indicating its effectiveness in improving various health outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic submitted the Brazilian healthcare system to a rigorous and unprecedented stress test, whose repercussions are still under study. Using comprehensive administrative microdata from 2016 to 2022 encompassing dimensions related to mortality, healthcare service, supply of family health teams, and vaccination coverage, our empirical strategy accounts for heterogeneous effects based on program intensity and pandemic evolution of the 5570 Brazilian municipalities. Our findings reveal that municipalities with high-intensity of ESF coverage (i.e. stronger primary care) experienced 347.93 (95% CI: 289.04, 406.81) fewer COVID-19 and cardiorespiratory deaths per million inhabitants throughout the pandemic period, compared to those in low-intensity ESF areas, despite sharing similar profiles of deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular causes. Among the channels contributing to this relative performance, high-intensity ESF municipalities were found to engage in more home-based primary care visits and health promotion activities while maintaining a similar supply of community health workers. Additionally, they achieved higher vaccination coverage, and these effects were more pronounced in areas with greater ESF presence, emphasising the importance of primary care coverage. In conclusion, our findings underscore the relevance of strong primary care in mitigating the consequences of the pandemic and addressing post-pandemic health challenges.Artigo Científico Validação de modelos de machine learning por experimentos estatísticos de campo(2024) Toaldo, Alexsandro; Vallim Filho, Arnaldo Rabello de Aguiar; Oyadomari, José Carlos Tiomatsu; Mendonça Neto, Octavio Ribeiro deObjetivo – Este artigo apresenta uma aplicação prática com o desenvolvimento de um experimento estatístico de campo em uma indústria de latas premium de alumínio nos Estados Unidos, visando validar estatisticamente resultados de modelos de machine learning (ML), previamente construídos. Metodologia: Usou-se conceitos de pesquisa intervencionista, que envolve experimentos de campo onde pesquisador e organização anfitriã atuam em conjunto buscando experimentar no sistema em estudo, e por meio da observação gerar conhecimento. Originalidade/Relevância: Sobre originalidade, não é frequente na literatura modelos de ML validados por experimento planejado de campo, seguido de análise estatística rigorosa. E a relevância da proposta se deve à sua contribuição para a literatura e pelas possibilidades de replicações do estudo em escala maior, na própria empresa ou em qualquer outra com desafios similares. Principais Resultados: Em fase anterior do estudo modelos de ML identificaram as variáveis de maior impacto em ineficiências (geração de sucata) em um processo de produção de latas de alumínio. Essas variáveis foram validadas nesta fase do estudo, através de experimento estatístico de campo, confirmando a significância estatística dos resultados do modelo de ML. Contribuições Teóricas e Práticas: A pesquisa contribui em termos práticos e científicos, pois a validação estatística de modelos de ML por experimentos planejados de campo é uma contribuição para a literatura de ciência aplicada, além de usas possibilidades práticas. Da mesma forma, apesar de amplamente utilizadas em diferentes áreas, pesquisas de cunho intervencionista ainda apresentam lacuna importante nas ciências sociais aplicadas, principalmente na gestão de processos industriais.Artigo Científico Situated rationalities in response to institutional complexity: the role of management accounting practices(2024) Oliveira, Fabiano Siqueira de; Mendonça Neto, Octávio Ribeiro de; Oyadomari, Jose Carlos Tiomatsu; Wanderley, Claudio de AraújoPurpose – This study aims to explore how management accounting practices act as drivers of organizational change in situations of institutional complexity. Design/methodology/approach – A case study was carried out in a small company with a strongly rooted social culture, which was acquired by a large conglomerate and underwent a process of strategic change as part of a new control logic. Based on this, the study analyzes the evolution of this change, with a particular focus on the efforts to construct the meaning of the performance through the inscription of objects from the cultural system to which it is attached and the “situated rationality” of the managers who are involved in its production. Findings – The authors show how managers link their own concepts of performance to accounting practices. At the same time, the authors show how accounting practices unfold through representational gaps that their production generates. Research limitations/implications – This study acknowledges that bias may arise from reliance on retrospective views of past processes and events, gathered primarily through interviews, documentation and observations. Practical implications – This study highlights that the way in which the performance concept is presented by accounting practices can have a constructive effect on the organization through the aspirations that its representations entail, thus having the potential to stimulate change in organizations. Originality/value – This study contributes to the organizational literature by clarifying that accounting practices drive change by providing spaces for debates and questions that affect the way organizations understand and report their performanceArtigo Científico 1st Industrial Marketing Management (IMM) South America Summit (2nd - 4th October 2024)(2024) CARLA SOFIA DIAS MOREIRA RAMOS; DANNY PIMENTEL CLARO; Lindgreen, Adam; Benedetto, C. Anthony DiThe 1st Industrial Marketing Management South America Summit seeks to unite academics and practitioners from South America, as well as other regions, who share an interest in business-to-business marketing, with the goal of creating and/or strengthening collaborative research networks. This summit also intends to continue the tradition established by the European and American Industrial Marketing Management summits, which includes promoting discussions, sharing cutting-edge research, and enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of industrial markets on a global scale. The event will display recent developments in both theory and practice within the realm of global industrial and business-to business marketing. Leveraging the success of past summits and the rich heritage of Industrial Marketing Management, this gathering assures dynamic conversations, visionary insights, and effective answers.Artigo Científico Quality Perception of São Paulo Transportation Services: A Sentiment Analysis of Citizens’ Satisfaction Regarding Bus Terminuses(2024) Beck, Donizete; Teixeira, Marco; Maróstica, Juliana; Ferasso, MarcosPurpose: To explore citizens’ satisfaction with all Bus Terminuses (BTs) in São Paulo City, Brazil. Method: This study performed a Sentiment Analysis of citizens' perception of 32 BTs of São Paulo, composed of 8,371 user comments on Google Maps. Originality/Relevance: This study highlights the role of Sentiment Analysis as an optimal tool for Stakeholder Analysis in the Urban Context. Findings: First, Sentiment Analysis is a valuable source for stakeholder oriented urban management. Second, sentiment Analysis provides detailed information about citizen satisfaction, providing valuable cues for urban managers to improve public service quality. Third, Smart Sustainable Cities can provide multiple and massive quantities of data that all kinds of urban stakeholders can use in decision-making processes, which helps perform Sentiment Analysis. Fourth, Sentiment Analysis is helpful for BT managers to improve BT services based on the users' feelings. Finally, further studies should explore sentiment classification in Sentiment Analysis of the critical aspects unfolded in this study as well as for exploring responsiveness of municipal public services. Methodological Contributions: This study demonstrated that Sentiment Analysis can be a method for scrutinizing stakeholders' opinions and perceptions about governmental services at the city level. Practitioner Contributions: Urban Planners, Transportation Policy Makers, and Urban Managers can use Sentiment Analysis to foster stakeholder-oriented management, which in turn fosters democracy and urban performance.Artigo Científico Implementing total quality management in a virtual organisation: thoughts and lessons from an interventionist approach(2024) Carneiro, Welington Norberto; Mendonça Neto, Octavio Ribeiro de; Oyadomari, Jose Carlos Tiomatsu; Dultra-de-Lima, Ronaldo GomesPurpose – This article aims to understand the challenges and key takeaways of implementing total quality management (TQM) in a virtual organisation. Design/methodology/approach – An interventionist research (IVR) methodology combined with a qualitative critical event analysis was used to evaluate the challenges and concerns faced during the company’s adoption of TQM and understand the roles of the key players involved. Findings – Standard process tools such as desktop procedures (DTP), focused teams, and service-level agreements (SLAs) were fundamental to implementing TQM in the company. These processes require the right leaders, but external agents may also be influential, acting as accelerators of change in adopting and using management practices in small companies. Indeed, the researcher acted as a problem solver, bringing innovative solutions to the firm using a hands-on iterative approach. Practical implications – This research underscores the importance of critical success factors (CSF), such as employee engagement, training, and project management tools. These factors are not just important but crucial for the success of TQM in organisations seeking to adopt the industry’s best practices. Originality/value – This study, conducted as a virtual IVR for TQM implementation, provides novel insights for practitioners and academics. It elucidates the pivotal role of some quality management tools in the journey towards TQM and the role of both internal and external critical players in the process, particularly in small virtual organisations based on innovative business models.