Coleção de Artigos Acadêmicos

URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.insper.edu.br/handle/11224/3227

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Stakeholder Theory
(2024) Beck, Donizete
Stakeholder networks are an organizational and social phenomenon. Organizations are not alone, and managing stakeholders matters in strategic management. This encyclopedia entry aims: (1) to synthesize the theoretical thought behind the foundational publications; and (2) to introduce the main constructs, definitions, and approaches of Stakeholder Theory. In doing so, it explores the definition of stakeholder theory including; the normative, descriptive, and instrumental pillars; the convergent and divergent stakeholder theory debate; the difference between stakeholder issues and social issues; stakeholder salience (power, urgency, legitimacy, and proximity); mutual trust as instrumental value of ethical behavior; stakeholder influence strategies (withholding, usage, direct, and indirect); stakeholder value creation; and stakeholder capitalism.
Stakeholder Theory
(2024) Beck, Donizete
Stakeholder networks are an organizational and social phenomenon. Organizations are not alone, and managing stakeholders matters in strategic management. This encyclopedia entry aims: (1) to synthesize the theoretical thought behind the foundational publications; and (2) to introduce the main constructs, definitions, and approaches of Stakeholder Theory. In doing so, it explores the definition of stakeholder theory including; the normative, descriptive, and instrumental pillars; the convergent and divergent stakeholder theory debate; the difference between stakeholder issues and social issues; stakeholder salience (power, urgency, legitimacy, and proximity); mutual trust as instrumental value of ethical behavior; stakeholder influence strategies (withholding, usage, direct, and indirect); stakeholder value creation; and stakeholder capitalism.
Economic Freedom and the Determinants of the Bank Spread in South America
(2022) Maciel, Vladimir Fernandes; Gamboa, Ulisses Ruiz de; Alves, Rafael Estevão Garcia
This paper performs panel data analysis to test the existence of an inverse relationship between bank spreads and the degree of economic freedom in South American countries between 2000 and 2020. In the late 1990s, South America began a process of financial sector reforms, which included in almost all countries the liberalization of interest rates (instead of capping) and the elimination of direct credit allocation mechanisms. By hypothesis, it is expected that the greater the economic freedom, the lower the degree of financial regulation. This would reduce the transaction costs of financial institutions and contribute to reducing the banking spread (assuming constant credit risk). The traditional methodology is applied here, complemented by unit root and cointegration tests, in addition to impulse-response function analysis, in the context of panel autoregressive vectors (VAR). The results show that economic freedom and monetary credibility (component area of the EFW, Economic Freedom of the World index) negatively affect the value of the spread, with long-run effects as well.
Performance Measurement in a Brazilian Clinical Trials Unit
(2021) Aquino, Thomaz Martins de; Bonizio, Roni Cleber; Padua, Silvia Ines Dallavalle de; Coelho, Eduardo Barbosa; Faustino, Gabriela Gimenez
Background: There is growing interest on costs of clinical trials; critical topic for business decision making; therefore, the aim of this work is to identify how a successful Brazilian case measures its economic performance even with restriction regarding its accounting data. Methods: Single case qualitative method. Interviews with four people of different hierarchical levels and the analysis of the 2005 balance sheet, payrolls and payment slips were carried out. Results: Besides indicating how the clinical research unit of the case measures its results, a diagram of how other units and organizations could follow such procedure to carry out their own performance measurement was pointed out as well. Conclusion: The use of contribution margin and break-even point for the performance calculation benefited the managerial decision-making of the unit studied, serving as basis for its own strategy and use of its idleness. This is a reference model for decision-making of managers in other research units.
Agency Conflicts Between Controlling and Minority Shareholders in the Distribution of Dividends in Brazilian Companies
(2022) Kuronuma, Cleiton Ricardo; Okimura, Rodrigo Takashi; Sale, George Andre Willrich
Objective: This paper aims to investigate whether the dividend policy is influenced by the shareholding concentration of publicly traded companies in Brazil. Methodology: This research was elaborated through panel regression analysis empirical tests, considering the period from 2013 to 2016. Originality/ Relevance: In Brazil, shareholding is usually concentrated in a small number of shareholders. In this scenario, controlling shareholders often end up having a great influence on management. As a result, agency conflicts may arise (Dalmácio & Corrar, 2007), mainly because controlling shareholders, who have the right to vote, are not always the holders of the preferred shares, which also share dividends (Lopes & Walker, 2008). Thus, according to the Agency Theory, the possibility could be raised of the principal - the controlling shareholder aiming to maximize its individual utility (Martinez, 2001). Main Results: It was verified that there is a positive relationship between the shareholding concentration and the distribution of dividends, that is, the higher the shareholding concentration, the greater the dividend distribution. Contributions: For this research, it were used statistical tests utilizing the panel data regression technique and estimators of Weighted Least Square (WLS), in which were observed the results of the regressions of the total sample (1.440 observations) and four industry sectors, which showed evidence that, there is at least one variable with a statistically significant power (non-cyclical consumption, financial, health, and information technology).
Situated rationalities in response to institutional complexity: the role of management accounting practices
(2024) Oliveira, Fabiano Siqueira de; Mendonça Neto, Octávio Ribeiro de; Oyadomari, Jose Carlos Tiomatsu; Wanderley, Claudio de Araújo
Purpose – This study aims to explore how management accounting practices act as drivers of organizational change in situations of institutional complexity. Design/methodology/approach – A case study was carried out in a small company with a strongly rooted social culture, which was acquired by a large conglomerate and underwent a process of strategic change as part of a new control logic. Based on this, the study analyzes the evolution of this change, with a particular focus on the efforts to construct the meaning of the performance through the inscription of objects from the cultural system to which it is attached and the “situated rationality” of the managers who are involved in its production. Findings – The authors show how managers link their own concepts of performance to accounting practices. At the same time, the authors show how accounting practices unfold through representational gaps that their production generates. Research limitations/implications – This study acknowledges that bias may arise from reliance on retrospective views of past processes and events, gathered primarily through interviews, documentation and observations. Practical implications – This study highlights that the way in which the performance concept is presented by accounting practices can have a constructive effect on the organization through the aspirations that its representations entail, thus having the potential to stimulate change in organizations. Originality/value – This study contributes to the organizational literature by clarifying that accounting practices drive change by providing spaces for debates and questions that affect the way organizations understand and report their performance
Implementing total quality management in a virtual organisation: thoughts and lessons from an interventionist approach
(2024) Carneiro, Welington Norberto; Mendonça Neto, Octavio Ribeiro de; Oyadomari, Jose Carlos Tiomatsu; Dultra-de-Lima, Ronaldo Gomes
Purpose – This article aims to understand the challenges and key takeaways of implementing total quality management (TQM) in a virtual organisation. Design/methodology/approach – An interventionist research (IVR) methodology combined with a qualitative critical event analysis was used to evaluate the challenges and concerns faced during the company’s adoption of TQM and understand the roles of the key players involved. Findings – Standard process tools such as desktop procedures (DTP), focused teams, and service-level agreements (SLAs) were fundamental to implementing TQM in the company. These processes require the right leaders, but external agents may also be influential, acting as accelerators of change in adopting and using management practices in small companies. Indeed, the researcher acted as a problem solver, bringing innovative solutions to the firm using a hands-on iterative approach. Practical implications – This research underscores the importance of critical success factors (CSF), such as employee engagement, training, and project management tools. These factors are not just important but crucial for the success of TQM in organisations seeking to adopt the industry’s best practices. Originality/value – This study, conducted as a virtual IVR for TQM implementation, provides novel insights for practitioners and academics. It elucidates the pivotal role of some quality management tools in the journey towards TQM and the role of both internal and external critical players in the process, particularly in small virtual organisations based on innovative business models.
Implantação de Value Based Management em uma indústria de produtos para saúde animal
(2023) Poltronieri, Carlos Cristiano; Oyadomari, José Carlos Tiomatsu; Parisi, Claudio
Indústrias brasileiras de saúde animal tendem a competir com players globais, haja vista a importação de tecnologias produtivas fora do Brasil, trazendo produtos e processos produtivos que concorrem com as indústrias locais tendo uma competitividade favorecida. Também outros fatores fazem com que empresas do setor sejam altamente competitivos, por exemplo a entrada de empresas em saúde humana trazendo diversas sinergias para a indústria de animais. No caso específico foi observado ao longo de quatro anos como uma indústria de saúde animal de companhia implementou um processo de gestão baseada em valor (VBM), sendo observadas as motivações para a utilização, os mecanismos implementados e resultados alcançados. Essencialmente no início do processo e frente a realidade que enfrentam os seus negócios, os acionistas elaboraram uma avaliação da empresa com base na metodologia de fluxo de caixa descontado – para esse processo de avaliação foi desenhado um plano de negócios para um período de cinco anos, e sendo definido uma avaliação target. Dessa maneira, para a operacionalização do plano de negócios, além da forte conscientização de ações estratégicas e táticas baseadas na geração de valor e atingimento da avaliação target, diversos mecanismos de controle gerencial foram implementados, observado um pacote de ferramentas que encontra forte relação com o modelo proposto por Malmi e Brown (2008).
Exploring the Influences of Cybernetic and Dynamic Controls on Flexibility and Performance
(2023) Oyadomari, José Carlos; Chen, Yen-Tsang; Dultra-de-Lima, Ronaldo Gomes; Mendonça Neto, Octávio Ribeiro de
This paper investigates the influence of cybernetic and dynamic controls on strategic and operational flexibility and, consequently, on monetary and non-monetary performance indicators. Even though business and operation strategies have been the object of many studies, management accounting studies on how management control systems could contribute to flexibility are scarce. We conducted a survey with 89 professionals who work in Brazilian companies and employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the relationships included in the theoretical model. Our findings indicate that the relationship between monetary cybernetic control and strategic flexibility is not statistically significant. The results support the positive association between non-monetary and dynamic controls on strategic flexibility. Finally, the findings also support the mediating role of operational flexibility in the relationship between strategic flexibility and performance. This paper’s main contribution to the management control literature is its explanation of the impact of management control systems on strategic flexibility, operational flexibility, and organizational performance. For practitioners, the results highlight the importance of role management control and business strategy to leverage performance.
Trials of strength, paradoxes and competing networks in kaizen institutionalization
(2024) Carneiro, Welington Norberto; Oyadomari, Jose Carlos Tiomatsu; Afonso, Paulo; Dultra-de-Lima, Ronaldo Gomes; Mendonça Neto, Octavio Ribeiro de
Purpose – This paper seeks to understand kaizen in practice as it travels through time and space in the organisational setting. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative case study was carried out at a multinational company using mainly interviews for the data collection that were analysed from an actor-network theory (ANT)perspective. Findings –This paper finds that the company deals with a series of paradoxes while managing the kaizen process. Efficiency and quality paradoxes are the basis for starting kaizen projects. Furthermore,intrinsic, and extrinsic motivation, emerge in these processes, and paradoxes relate to how spontaneous ideas emerge in a deliberated context of cost-saving objectives. The supply chain finance team coordinates kaizen projects with the collaboration of plant managers, promoting the paradox of autonomy and control. In addition, as kaizen mobilises and enrols the actors, some trials of strength emerge, showing actors who oppose the kaizen network and create competing networks that mutually exist in the firm. Practical implications – This study presents valuable insights for professionals to successfully implement kaizen methodologies that take advantage of developing a network for problem-solving in organizations. Originality/value – This study highlights the supply chain finance team’s role in enrolling the actors within a network built by practitioners engaged in kaizen projects. Usually, engineers, quality, or manufacturing teams lead kaizen projects, and only occasionally, accounting and financial teams participate, including multidisciplinary teams.

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