Coleção de Artigos Acadêmicos

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Who gets the Better Deal in Marriage? Examining Racial Differences in Brazilian Marriage Market
(2025) Duque, Daniel; França, Michael; Mendonca, Milena
This paper studies women’ marriage market in Brazil, investigating socioeconomic disparities and their trends in marriage outcomes. Relying on nationally representative data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) covering 2002 to 2024, we analyze the association between marital status and these variables, as well as patterns of assortative mating by examining the educational and productivity pairing within couples. The results indicate that higher educational attainment among women is associated with a greater likelihood of being married, but, after accounting for education and age, black and mixed-race women continue to exhibit lower marriage rates relative to white counterparts. The analysis also reveals a strong persistence of educational assortment among spouses, but black and mixed-race women have lower quality husbands, even with sociodemographic controls, with non-consistent trends towards more or less inequality. We also show that a similar pattern arises across parental education, with black women from highly educated parents having lower marriage outcomes. Together, these findings advance the understanding of how economic sorting in the marriage market can reinforce broader patterns of racial and educational inequality in Brazil.
Roads, transit and spatial patterns of urbanization in São Paulo: Evidence from the second half of the twentieth century
(2025) Zegras, P. Christopher; ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA; Zheng, Siqi
This article presents evidence of distinct long-term impacts from road and rail infrastructures on urban outgrowth and densification in São Paulo, Brazil (1947–1997) within a Global South context. Using long-difference ordinary least squares models and an instrumental variable approach, we find that the construction of avenues and arterial roads across urbanized areas drove urban expansion and accounted for forty percent of the outgrowth during this 50-year period. In contrast, rail transit investments fostered vertical neighborhood development responsible for one-third of the increase in floor area ratio, while also promoting land use specialization by attracting commercial buildings to central areas and stimulating residential real estate development in peripheral zones. Our findings align with patterns observed in the Global North, reinforcing the broader relationship between transportation investments and urban form.
Private ownership of water and wastewater systems: Assessing health impacts
(2025) Chaves, Rodrigo França; ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA
This study examines the impact of private ownership of water and wastewater systems on disease reduction linked to sanitation in Brazil from 1998 to 2021. It updates Saiani and de Azevedo (2018), which analyzed the period 1995–2008, by incorporating over a decade of additional data, key policy changes such as the 2020 Sanitation Law, and employing the Callaway–Sant’Anna Staggered DID methodology to address heterogeneity in treatment effects. Our findings reveal mixed results: while some municipalities achieved reductions in morbidity rates, others showed no change or increases, underscoring the context-dependent nature of privatization outcomes. A notable example is the case of Tocantins, where transitioning from a hybrid private-state model to full private ownership led to a significant decrease in disease morbidity, particularly among the most affected age groups. These advancements provide a robust, updated perspective on the privatization debate, offering valuable implications for policy and practice.
A systematic literature review of citizen science in urban studies and regional urban planning: policy, practical, and research implications
(2025) Beck, Donizete; Mitkiewicz, Juliana
Citizen Science (CS) has been useful in research development and policymaking, where laypeople contribute to collecting and/or analyzing data. With the technological advancement of smart cities and data analysis techniques, CS helps foster efficient/sustainable cities and data-driven decision-making. However, more effort is needed to make CS more accessible for urban scholars and practitioners. Thus, we provided a comprehensive overview of CS in Urban Studies and Regional Urban Planning (USRUP) by revealing the main thematic/method approaches, stakeholder roles, socioeconomic/environ mental/policy impacts, limitations, best practices, and cases. Thus, we performed a Systematic Literature Review on CS in USRUP using the PRISMA Guidelines of 94 studies collected from the Web of Science Core Collection, published by 2023. Our key findings underscore the practical uses of diverse methodologies and approaches employed in CS projects, emphasizing their potential to enhance urban research and policymaking. The core socioeconomic impacts of CS projects are fostering community empowerment, engagement, and educational opportunities. The main environmental impacts are enhancing monitoring capabilities, improving ecosystem service assessments, and supporting adaptive management practices. As for urban planning and policies, CS projects can foster data-driven planning, urban sustainability, urban resilience, healthier cities, and social equity. CS challenges include data quality and consistency, the digital divide, and the need for sustained funding. Best practices have included clear communication, standardized protocols, and strong community engagement. Further developments should involve citizens in more analytical roles (rather than merely instrumental ones, like data collection) in CS projects and explore CS in social urbanism for transforming vulnerable communities.

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