A relação entre lucro econômico e múltiplos de valuation no mercado de ações do Brasil
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Autores
Hasimoto, André Gonçalves
Orientador
Co-orientadores
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Data
2025
Resumo
Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar se o lucro econômico, representado pelo spread
entre o retorno sobre o capital investido (ROIC) e o custo médio ponderado de capital
(WACC), apresenta correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa com os múltiplos
de valuation de empresas listadas no mercado acionário brasileiro. A análise busca
compreender se a eficiência gerencial, expressa pela geração de valor econômico, é
efetivamente reconhecida e precificada pelo mercado de capitais.
A pesquisa baseia-se em uma abordagem quantitativa, com dados de 1.938 observações
anuais no período de 2008 a 2022, extraídos da plataforma Bloomberg. Os cálculos do
ROIC e WACC foram realizados com base em metodologias consagradas na literatura,
como as propostas por Damodaran, Stewart e Koller, sendo o modelo econométrico
estimado por meio do método de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários com efeitos fixos,
controlando-se por variáveis setoriais, operacionais e de escala.
Os resultados indicam que o lucro econômico, isoladamente, possui impacto limitado
sobre os múltiplos de valuation. No entanto, verificou-se que o mercado precifica de
forma sistêmica e positiva empresas que possuem ROIC acima de seu WACC, e, também
componentes do ROIC, como margem e giro, revelaram significância estatística,
sugerindo que o mercado reconhece, ao menos parcialmente, estratégias operacionais
eficientes. Conclui-se, assim, que a criação de valor é captada de forma heterogênea, com
reconhecimento mais evidente em empresas com desempenho consistente e
posicionamento estratégico claro.
This study aims to analyze whether economic profit, represented by the spread between Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) and the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), exhibits a positive and statistically significant correlation with the valuation multiples of companies listed on the Brazilian stock market. The analysis seeks to understand whether managerial efficiency, expressed through the generation of economic value, is effectively recognized and priced by capital markets. The research adopts a quantitative approach, using 1,938 annual observations from the period 2008 to 2022, extracted from the Bloomberg platform. The calculations of ROIC and WACC were conducted based on established methodologies in the literature, such as those proposed by Damodaran, Stewart, and Koller. The econometric model was estimated using the Fixed Effects Ordinary Least Squares method, controlling for sectoral, operational, and scale-related variables. The results indicate that economic profit, in isolation, has a limited impact on valuation multiples. However, the analysis reveals that the market systematically and positively prices companies with ROIC above their WACC. Furthermore, components of ROIC such as profit margin and asset turnover showed statistical significance, suggesting that the market at least partially acknowledges efficient operational strategies. It is concluded, therefore, that value creation is captured in a heterogeneous manner, with more evident recognition among companies that demonstrate consistent performance and a clear strategic positioning.
This study aims to analyze whether economic profit, represented by the spread between Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) and the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), exhibits a positive and statistically significant correlation with the valuation multiples of companies listed on the Brazilian stock market. The analysis seeks to understand whether managerial efficiency, expressed through the generation of economic value, is effectively recognized and priced by capital markets. The research adopts a quantitative approach, using 1,938 annual observations from the period 2008 to 2022, extracted from the Bloomberg platform. The calculations of ROIC and WACC were conducted based on established methodologies in the literature, such as those proposed by Damodaran, Stewart, and Koller. The econometric model was estimated using the Fixed Effects Ordinary Least Squares method, controlling for sectoral, operational, and scale-related variables. The results indicate that economic profit, in isolation, has a limited impact on valuation multiples. However, the analysis reveals that the market systematically and positively prices companies with ROIC above their WACC. Furthermore, components of ROIC such as profit margin and asset turnover showed statistical significance, suggesting that the market at least partially acknowledges efficient operational strategies. It is concluded, therefore, that value creation is captured in a heterogeneous manner, with more evident recognition among companies that demonstrate consistent performance and a clear strategic positioning.
Palavras-chave
Lucro econômico; ROIC; WACC; Valuation; Mercado de Capitais; Economic profit; Capital Markets
Titulo de periódico
URL da fonte
Título de Livro
URL na Scopus
Idioma
Português
Notas
Possui Sumário Executivo
Membros da banca
Rochman, Ricardo Ratner
Área do Conhecimento CNPQ
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::ADMINISTRACAO DE EMPRESAS::ADMINISTRACAO FINANCEIRA
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::ADMINISTRACAO DE EMPRESAS::ADMINISTRACAO FINANCEIRA
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA