Crescimento das Fintechs e o seu impacto no nível de concorrência do setor bancário brasileiro.
N/D
Autores
Nunes, Marcelo Corrêa
Orientador
Co-orientadores
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Data
2024
Resumo
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o impacto do crescimento das Fintechs no nível de concentração bancária e no poder de mercado dos bancos incumbentes no Brasil. O estudo considerou dados dos balanços dos bancos brasileiros de março de 2005 a dezembro de 2023, extraídos do site do Banco Central do Brasil. Foram avaliados o Índice Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI) e a participação de mercado de cada instituição bancária (market share) por duas abordagens: a primeira analisando o comportamento das principais captações bancárias (depósito à vista, poupança, depósito a prazo e emissões de letras de crédito imobiliário, crédito do agronegócio e financeiras), e a segunda considerando a carteira de crédito (saldo do ativo) ao consumidor. A análise seguinte utilizou o Índice de Lerner para avaliar o impacto no poder de mercado dos bancos incumbentes. A terceira análise mediu se houve redução nas taxas de juros do crédito rotativo de cartões ao consumidor, um mercado relevante para a atuação das Fintechs. Utilizando técnicas de estimação de dados em painel com efeitos fixos, as hipóteses foram avaliadas. Os resultados indicaram, com significância estatística, que, embora tenha ocorrido crescimento das Fintechs a partir de 2017, elas ainda não conseguiram reduzir o nível de concentração para patamares anteriores à crise de 2008, que provocou um expressivo processo de consolidação bancária. As Fintechs estão conseguindo atingir índices de Lerner similares aos dos incumbentes, mas não estão afetando a rentabilidade dos bancos tradicionais. Além disso, a taxa básica de juros (SELIC) tem mais influência na variação das taxas de juros de crédito de cartões de crédito do que da atuação das Fintechs.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of the growth of Fintechs on the level of banking concentration and the market power of incumbent banks in Brazil. The study considered data from the balance sheets of Brazilian banks from March 2005 to December 2023, extracted from the Central Bank of Brazil's website. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and market share were evaluated using two approaches: the first analyzing the behavior of major banking deposits (demand deposits, savings, time deposits, and issuances of mortgage credit notes, agribusiness credit notes, and financial credit notes), and the second considering the consumer credit portfolio (balance of assets). The following analysis used the Lerner Index to assess the impact on the market power of incumbent banks. The third analysis measured whether there was a reduction in the interest rates of revolving credit card loans to consumers, a relevant market for the performance of Fintechs. Using fixed-effects panel data estimation techniques, the hypotheses were evaluated. The results indicated, with statistical significance, that although fintech growth has occurred since 2017, they have not yet managed to reduce the level of concentration to levels prior to the 2008 crisis, which triggered a significant banking consolidation process. Fintechs are achieving Lerner indices similar to those of incumbents but are not affecting the profitability of traditional banks. Additionally, the SELIC rate has more influence on the variation of credit card interest rates than Fintech operations.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of the growth of Fintechs on the level of banking concentration and the market power of incumbent banks in Brazil. The study considered data from the balance sheets of Brazilian banks from March 2005 to December 2023, extracted from the Central Bank of Brazil's website. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and market share were evaluated using two approaches: the first analyzing the behavior of major banking deposits (demand deposits, savings, time deposits, and issuances of mortgage credit notes, agribusiness credit notes, and financial credit notes), and the second considering the consumer credit portfolio (balance of assets). The following analysis used the Lerner Index to assess the impact on the market power of incumbent banks. The third analysis measured whether there was a reduction in the interest rates of revolving credit card loans to consumers, a relevant market for the performance of Fintechs. Using fixed-effects panel data estimation techniques, the hypotheses were evaluated. The results indicated, with statistical significance, that although fintech growth has occurred since 2017, they have not yet managed to reduce the level of concentration to levels prior to the 2008 crisis, which triggered a significant banking consolidation process. Fintechs are achieving Lerner indices similar to those of incumbents but are not affecting the profitability of traditional banks. Additionally, the SELIC rate has more influence on the variation of credit card interest rates than Fintech operations.
Palavras-chave
Concentração bancária; Fintech; HHI; Índice de Lerner; Dados em Painel; Banking concentration; Fintech; HHI; Lerner Index; Panel Data
Titulo de periódico
URL da fonte
Título de Livro
URL na Scopus
Idioma
Português
Notas
Possui sumário executivo
Membros da banca
Área do Conhecimento CNPQ
CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS