Estratégias Centradas no Cliente na Medicina Preventiva: Superando Resistências e Conflitos de Interesse em uma Operadora de Planos de Saúde
Autores
Tannus, Raphael Jorge
Orientador
Co-orientadores
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Data
2025
Resumo
A medicina preventiva tem se tornado uma estratégia essencial para operadoras de planos de
saúde no Brasil, visando reduzir custos operacionais e melhorar a percepção de qualidade pelos
beneficiários. Contudo, desafios persistem, como a resistência de médicos e pacientes
habituados às práticas tradicionais e ao ceticismo quanto aos benefícios da prevenção. Tendo
por base a Teoria da Agência e o conceito de Centralidade no Cliente, este estudo tem como
objetivo entender as estratégias adotadas por uma operadora de planos de saúde para
implementar e manter a medicina preventiva, superando resistências institucionais e
priorizando a centralidade do cliente. Foi aplicado o método qualitativo, que compreendeu
entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais de saúde. Os dados foram analisados usando a
técnica de análise temática, permitindo a identificação de padrões estratégicos pela operadora
de planos de saúde. Os resultados destacam os fatores de resistência dos pacientes (barreiras
atitudinais e comunicacionais) e dos médicos (barreiras institucionais, econômicas, e de falta
de incentivos/confiança), bem como as estratégias para superá-los, tais como adoção de ações
informacionais, personalização do atendimento, criação de incentivos multidimensionais e a
criação de um espaço físico e organizado dedicado à medicina preventiva. A integração de
cuidados em um espaço físico e o alinhamento de incentivos entre médicos, gestores e pacientes
emergiram como fatores críticos para o sucesso dos programas. Além disso, a criação de sistema
de referência e contrarreferência desempenharam um papel importante para superar a
resistência dos médicos externos ao programa de medicina preventiva, diante da valorização da
autonomia destes profissionais e a compreensão do atendimento focado na queixa dos
pacientes. O estudo contribui para a teoria ao explorar estratégias que alinham interesses de
operadoras, médicos e pacientes, aplicando a Teoria da Agência e o conceito de Centralidade
no Cliente. Para a prática, o estudo oferece subsídios para gestores estruturarem programas
preventivos que conciliem redução de custos operacionais, criação de valor para os pacientes e
sustentabilidade dos serviços.
Preventive medicine has become an essential strategy for health insurance providers in Brazil, aiming to reduce operational costs and improve beneficiaries' perception of quality. However, challenges persist, such as resistance from doctors and patients accustomed to traditional practices and skepticism regarding the benefits of prevention. Based on Agency Theory and the concept of Customer Centricity, this study aims to understand the strategies adopted by a health insurance provider to implement and maintain preventive medicine, overcoming institutional resistance and prioritizing customer centricity. A qualitative method was applied, including semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis, allowing the identification of strategic patterns by the health insurance provider. The results highlight the resistance factors among patients (cultural, behavioral, and communication barriers) and physicians (institutional, economic barriers, and lack of incentives/trust), as well as the strategies to overcome them, such as the adoption of informational actions, personalized care, the creation of multidimensional incentives, and the establishment of a dedicated physical space for preventive medicine. The integration of care within a dedicated physical space and the alignment of incentives among doctors, managers, and patients emerged as critical success factors for these programs. Additionally, the creation of a referral and counter-referral system played a significant role in overcoming external physicians’ resistance to the preventive medicine program, given the emphasis on their autonomy and their traditional focus on addressing patient complaints. The study contributes to the theory by exploring strategies that align the interests of insurers, physicians, and patients, applying Agency Theory and the concept of Customer Centricity. In practice, it provides guidance for managers in structuring preventive programs that balance operational cost reduction, value creation for patients, and service sustainability.
Preventive medicine has become an essential strategy for health insurance providers in Brazil, aiming to reduce operational costs and improve beneficiaries' perception of quality. However, challenges persist, such as resistance from doctors and patients accustomed to traditional practices and skepticism regarding the benefits of prevention. Based on Agency Theory and the concept of Customer Centricity, this study aims to understand the strategies adopted by a health insurance provider to implement and maintain preventive medicine, overcoming institutional resistance and prioritizing customer centricity. A qualitative method was applied, including semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis, allowing the identification of strategic patterns by the health insurance provider. The results highlight the resistance factors among patients (cultural, behavioral, and communication barriers) and physicians (institutional, economic barriers, and lack of incentives/trust), as well as the strategies to overcome them, such as the adoption of informational actions, personalized care, the creation of multidimensional incentives, and the establishment of a dedicated physical space for preventive medicine. The integration of care within a dedicated physical space and the alignment of incentives among doctors, managers, and patients emerged as critical success factors for these programs. Additionally, the creation of a referral and counter-referral system played a significant role in overcoming external physicians’ resistance to the preventive medicine program, given the emphasis on their autonomy and their traditional focus on addressing patient complaints. The study contributes to the theory by exploring strategies that align the interests of insurers, physicians, and patients, applying Agency Theory and the concept of Customer Centricity. In practice, it provides guidance for managers in structuring preventive programs that balance operational cost reduction, value creation for patients, and service sustainability.
Palavras-chave
Medicina Preventiva; Planos de Saúde; Teoria da Agência; Centralidade no Cliente; Método Qualitativo; Preventive Medicine; Health Insurance; Agency Theory; Customer-Centricity; Qualitative Method
Titulo de periódico
URL da fonte
Título de Livro
URL na Scopus
Sinopse
Objetivos de aprendizagem
Idioma
Português
Notas
Membros da banca
Área do Conhecimento CNPQ
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