Coleção de Artigos Acadêmicos
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.insper.edu.br/handle/11224/3227
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229 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Artigo Científico Subway expansion, job accessibility improvements, and home value appreciation in four global cities: Considering both local and network effects(2022) Adriano Borges Costa; ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTA; Ramos, Camila; Zheng, SiqiWe explore the potential of incorporating accessibility analysis in addressing the impact of subway expansions on the real estate market. We first demonstrate that by using increases in accessibility to jobs as a continuous treatment variable, rather than adopting a binary station dummy approach, we achieve better goodness-of-fit in a quasiexperimental econometric analysis. Furthermore, accessibility measures allow the exploration of impacts beyond the local effects around new subway stations, shedding light on a network impact that has been largely overlooked to date. To increase the external validity of our findings, we apply the same analysis to the cities of Santiago (Chile), Sao Paulo (Brazil), Singapore, and Barcelona (Spain). and then explore the emergent patterns. We argue that the integration of urban economics and transportation analysis via the use of accessibility measures constitutes an innovation in the empirical approach commonly adopted in the literature. The use of such measures in causal empirical studies on transportation impacts can yield more robust and comprehensive results and capture nuanced spatial heterogeneity effects.Artigo Científico Exploring the causal effects of the built environment on travel behavior: a unique randomized experiment in Shanghai(2022) Chen, Faan; ADRIANO BORGES FERREIRA DA COSTAExperimental designs have been recognized as the gold standard for establishing causal mechanisms. However, the application of such designs is complicated by factors such as excessive costs, time consumption, ethical concerns, and political impossibility. Nevertheless, the Chinese government’s replacement housing efforts provide a unique randomized experiment for exploring the causal effects of the built environment on travel behavior. Accordingly, based on a large-scale survey on travel patterns under an experimental design in Shanghai, this study employs a two-step modeling approach, involving logit and Tobit models, to identify the built environment’s effects on auto ownership and vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT). We found that transit service improvements play a stronger role in reducing auto-drive than compact and diverse land-use characteristics. Increasing residential and employment density, as well as land-use mix, discourages car ownership, which in turn reduces VKT, but with lower elasticities than transportation system variables. The findings provide additional evidence and referential estimate for how land-use and transport strategies and policies designed to create a compact, mixed-use, and highly accessible built environment can be used in reducing auto driving. This study expands the VKT reduction elasticities’ database regarding the built environment across global spatial contexts, serving as a model for similar studies elsewhere in the world.Artigo Científico Beyond the Agreement: Dilemmas in Contracting for the Transfer of Management Practices(2022) SANDRO CABRAL; SERGIO GIOVANETTI LAZZARINI; Domingos, Fernando Deodato; RICARDO PAES DE BARROSArtigo Científico Economic Freedom and the Determinants of the Bank Spread in South America(2022) Maciel, Vladimir Fernandes; Gamboa, Ulisses Ruiz de; Alves, Rafael Estevão GarciaThis paper performs panel data analysis to test the existence of an inverse relationship between bank spreads and the degree of economic freedom in South American countries between 2000 and 2020. In the late 1990s, South America began a process of financial sector reforms, which included in almost all countries the liberalization of interest rates (instead of capping) and the elimination of direct credit allocation mechanisms. By hypothesis, it is expected that the greater the economic freedom, the lower the degree of financial regulation. This would reduce the transaction costs of financial institutions and contribute to reducing the banking spread (assuming constant credit risk). The traditional methodology is applied here, complemented by unit root and cointegration tests, in addition to impulse-response function analysis, in the context of panel autoregressive vectors (VAR). The results show that economic freedom and monetary credibility (component area of the EFW, Economic Freedom of the World index) negatively affect the value of the spread, with long-run effects as well.Artigo Científico Performance Measurement in a Brazilian Clinical Trials Unit(2021) Aquino, Thomaz Martins de; Bonizio, Roni Cleber; Padua, Silvia Ines Dallavalle de; Coelho, Eduardo Barbosa; Faustino, Gabriela GimenezBackground: There is growing interest on costs of clinical trials; critical topic for business decision making; therefore, the aim of this work is to identify how a successful Brazilian case measures its economic performance even with restriction regarding its accounting data. Methods: Single case qualitative method. Interviews with four people of different hierarchical levels and the analysis of the 2005 balance sheet, payrolls and payment slips were carried out. Results: Besides indicating how the clinical research unit of the case measures its results, a diagram of how other units and organizations could follow such procedure to carry out their own performance measurement was pointed out as well. Conclusion: The use of contribution margin and break-even point for the performance calculation benefited the managerial decision-making of the unit studied, serving as basis for its own strategy and use of its idleness. This is a reference model for decision-making of managers in other research units.Artigo Científico Agency Conflicts Between Controlling and Minority Shareholders in the Distribution of Dividends in Brazilian Companies(2022) Kuronuma, Cleiton Ricardo; Okimura, Rodrigo Takashi; Sale, George Andre WillrichObjective: This paper aims to investigate whether the dividend policy is influenced by the shareholding concentration of publicly traded companies in Brazil. Methodology: This research was elaborated through panel regression analysis empirical tests, considering the period from 2013 to 2016. Originality/ Relevance: In Brazil, shareholding is usually concentrated in a small number of shareholders. In this scenario, controlling shareholders often end up having a great influence on management. As a result, agency conflicts may arise (Dalmácio & Corrar, 2007), mainly because controlling shareholders, who have the right to vote, are not always the holders of the preferred shares, which also share dividends (Lopes & Walker, 2008). Thus, according to the Agency Theory, the possibility could be raised of the principal - the controlling shareholder aiming to maximize its individual utility (Martinez, 2001). Main Results: It was verified that there is a positive relationship between the shareholding concentration and the distribution of dividends, that is, the higher the shareholding concentration, the greater the dividend distribution. Contributions: For this research, it were used statistical tests utilizing the panel data regression technique and estimators of Weighted Least Square (WLS), in which were observed the results of the regressions of the total sample (1.440 observations) and four industry sectors, which showed evidence that, there is at least one variable with a statistically significant power (non-cyclical consumption, financial, health, and information technology).Artigo Científico Implantação de Value Based Management em uma indústria de produtos para saúde animal(2023) Poltronieri, Carlos Cristiano; Oyadomari, José Carlos Tiomatsu; Parisi, ClaudioIndústrias brasileiras de saúde animal tendem a competir com players globais, haja vista a importação de tecnologias produtivas fora do Brasil, trazendo produtos e processos produtivos que concorrem com as indústrias locais tendo uma competitividade favorecida. Também outros fatores fazem com que empresas do setor sejam altamente competitivos, por exemplo a entrada de empresas em saúde humana trazendo diversas sinergias para a indústria de animais. No caso específico foi observado ao longo de quatro anos como uma indústria de saúde animal de companhia implementou um processo de gestão baseada em valor (VBM), sendo observadas as motivações para a utilização, os mecanismos implementados e resultados alcançados. Essencialmente no início do processo e frente a realidade que enfrentam os seus negócios, os acionistas elaboraram uma avaliação da empresa com base na metodologia de fluxo de caixa descontado – para esse processo de avaliação foi desenhado um plano de negócios para um período de cinco anos, e sendo definido uma avaliação target. Dessa maneira, para a operacionalização do plano de negócios, além da forte conscientização de ações estratégicas e táticas baseadas na geração de valor e atingimento da avaliação target, diversos mecanismos de controle gerencial foram implementados, observado um pacote de ferramentas que encontra forte relação com o modelo proposto por Malmi e Brown (2008).Artigo Científico Does social value guidance influence the decision of payment terms to suppliers? An experiment study(2023) Rotta, Clayton José; Oyadomari, José Carlos Tiomatsu; Aguiar, Andson Braga de; Mendonça Neto, Octávio Ribeiro de; Teixeira, Maria Luisa MendesThis study investigated whether professionals with different social orientation profiles make different decisions in an environment with relative autonomy. To test this, an experiment with 114 undergraduate students was carried out to identify the social value guidance profile (SVO) and to capture information in a simulation of decision-making simulation regarding extending the payment term to suppliers. The results show that different profiles do not influence decisions, even in environments of relative autonomy. The results also suggests that organizations can continue to hire people with different social orientation profiles, favoring diversity, without harming organizational goals. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study that investigated this phenomenon considering different profiles of social orientation in the decision to choose the payment term to suppliers.Artigo Científico Direitos de decisão, percepção facilitadora de indicadores de desempenho e empoderamento psicológico: quase-experimento de campo com operadores de call center(2023) Bordin, Maximilian Zanelato; Mendonça Neto, Octávio Ribeiro de; Aguiar, Andson Braga de; Oyadomari, José Carlos TiomatsuEste estudo conduz um quase-experimento de campo para examinar benefícios individuais da delegação de direitos de decisão para operadores de call center. O grupo experimental foi composto por 25 operadores de um call center de pós-venda que tiveram ampliado seus direitos de decisão; para fins de comparabilidade, foram selecionados como grupo de controle 20 operadores de outro call center da própria empresa que não sofreram alterações em seus direitos de decisão. Relativamente ao grupo de controle, o grupo experimental apresentou aumento de percepção facilitadora dos indicadores de desempenho e de empoderamento psicológico. Adicionalmente, parte do benefício de maior empoderamento psicológico causado por maior nível de direitos de decisão é explicado pela maior percepção facilitadora dos indicadores de desempenho. A principal implicação prática destes resultados é que organizações interessadas em ampliar o sentimento de empoderamento psicológico de seus colaboradores podem encontrar nos controles gerenciais um mecanismo efetivo para essa finalidade.Artigo Científico Peer control, trust, and humility as antecedents of cooperation: an exploratory study(2023) Oyadomari, José Carlos Tiomatsu; Nisiyama, Edelcio Koitiro; Bido, Diógenes de Souza; Bordin, Maximilian ZanelatoThis study investigated the relationship between peer control, a construct of management accounting generally associated with negative aspects, and humility in performance evaluation, a mediator of cooperation. We also examined the association between trust and cooperation. To address all these relationships, we did a single entity survey in a Brazilian subsidiary of a multinational insurance company, through a representative sample of 147 respondents. The results show that peer control is positively associated with cooperation and with humility in performance evaluation, and the latter is positively associated with cooperation. In addition, trust is also positively associated with cooperation. The results contribute to the literature by developing the humility construct in performance evaluation, which is the attitude after the manager is informed of the achieved outcomes, and by trying untested relationships, such as the role of peer control in cooperation. Results can also be useful for organizations that seek cooperation of their employees, suggesting that they should use peer control, since they contribute to an attitude of humility in evaluating performance, and therefore, to cooperation.