Graduação em Economia
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.insper.edu.br/handle/11224/3247
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16 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso Effects of educational assortative matching on the probability of divorce(2025) Roque, Bruno CaranThis study aims to measure the impact of different levels of tertiary education within a couple in the likelihood of divorce in Brazil. Brazil’s expansion of secondary and tertiary education over recent decades has reshaped the educational composition of couples, yet its implications for marital stability remain poorly understood. Using the nationally representative PNAD-Contínua rotating panel (2012-2019) with the help of the Ribas and Soares (2008) methodology for tracking individuals, we follow 452,447 married couples across five consecutive quarters. To isolate the effect of educational assortative matching, we estimate propensity scores with a rich set of demographic and economic covariates. A weighted linear-probability model on the matched sample yields an Average Treatment Effect on the Treated of –1.85 percentage points (p-value = 0.008). Considering the baseline divorce probability of 5.2% in our sample, this 1.9 percentage points reduction implies that couples whose schooling differs are about 37 % less likely to separate in the short-run than otherwise similar, education-matched couples. Because most mismatches should remain hypergamous (husband more educated), the result is consistent with gender-traditional norms that reward male economic advantage and dampen conflict. The short observation window, binary treatment definition, limitations on identifying divorce in the dataset and reliance on observable covariates restrict external validity, yet the finding challenges the common view that closing educational gaps will automatically strengthen marital stability. As gender parity in schooling widens, the protective effect of hypergamy may wane, underscoring the need for longer panels and gender-attitude measures in future research.Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso The Political Economy of Tyrannicide(2024) Schwartsman, David Motta NisencwajgIn this paper, we discuss tyrannicide as a rational political strategy and we evaluate its empirical effects on democratization. We first consider the murder of political leaders as a strategy inside basic selectorate competition, in selectorate theory, and we regard its equilibrium effects. We show that assassination risk can induce greater investment in public goods and pressure a reduction in coalition size and selectorate expansion. Then, using a staggered difference-indifferences strategy with Callaway and Santana’s reweighting estimator, we compare countries whose leaders survived murder attempts by chance with countries who leaders were killed. We observe evidence that the assassinations of dictators can favor democratization, increasing their countries polity-2 index by 3 to 4 points over time in the aggregate, with a lasting effect. We find weaker evidence for assassination of leaders in general.Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso When labor-based parties gain businesses’ trust: the case of Brazil’s Workers’ Party(2022) Lopes, Victor Hugo AlmeidaDesde os processos de liberalização nas décadas de 80 e 90, elites financeiras e empresariais conseguem constranger partidos trabalhistas eleitos na América Latina a tentar buscar uma agenda econômica pró-mercado, assim comprometendo sua capacidade e incentivos de oferecer benefícios a seus eleitores tradicionais. No entanto, a implementação de políticas pró-negócios pelos partidos trabalhistas não depende apenas das pressões impostas pelos mercados internacionais de capitais, mas também é uma função da interação entre as elites partidárias e as suas bases. Assim, a forma como um partido se organiza desempenha um papel crucial nesse contexto, pois determina a alocação de barganha entre os dois. Meio a isso, este artigo, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e process-tracing, analisa o caso do Partido dos Trabalhadores no Brasil e as tentativas de Lula de conquistar a confiança do setor empresarial em seu primeiro mandato como presidente (2003-2006), comparando-o com outros casos semelhantes na América Latina. Como resultado, encontramos evidências de que, quando o partido do presidente tem fortes laços com movimentos sociais organizados, ao mesmo tempo em que concede autonomia às suas lideranças, o governo é mais propenso a optar pela ortodoxia de mercado, uma vez que as bases detêm menos poder.Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso Does meta-labeling add signal efficacy to trading strategies?(2022) Silva, Thaíza LoiolaTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso Subway Stations and Female Employment in São Paulo(2022) Braga, Carolina AbdallaTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso The Purple Loss Effect: Contracts inside the world’s most dangerous game(2021) Matos, Bruno AuricchioTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso Innovation strategy as a game: implications of incumbents’ responses to disruptive innovation(2020) Gandin, Lucas SantiagoEste artigo tem como objetivo analisar as estratégias de inovação do ponto de vista de empresas já estabelecidas, considerando entrantes como possíveis contrapartes em um determinado período de tempo. Os investimentos em inovação por empresas incumbentes podem determinar se um novo empreendimento terá incentivos suficientes para tentar empreender no mercado da empresa já estabelecida ou não e, uma vez competindo no mercado, se é melhor adquirir, acomodar ou investir para disputar um percentual maior de market-share. Serão exploradas as alternativas das incumbentes considerando as variáveis mais relevantes para compreender, do ponto de vista de teoria dos jogos, qual pode ser a tomada de decisão mais razoável para cada situação. Como forma de analisar a aplicação real do modelo, serão abordados os casos de oferta de aquisição do Instagram e do Snapchat pelo Facebook como uma ilustração empírica de uma estratégia competitiva que revela implicações da tomada de decisões para tecnologias disruptivas.Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso Women’s contribution to household income and the division of housework and childcare: a study on lowincome families in Brazil(2020) Naufel, Anna Lucia RealeTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso The china shock: has industrial reorganization affected regional pollution in Brazil?(2019) Vehanen, Laura CarolinaSince China started to take a more active part in international trade, there have been worldwide shifts in the flow of trade. This, coupled with the perception of lack of environmental regulation in Brazil, has raised concerns about the possible impacts of trade flow shifts on the environment (Young, 2010). Based on literature on the environmental impacts of trade, methodology in Costa et al. (2016) around the Local Labor Markets framework, and health outcome evidence from Bombardini & Li (2016), this paper aims to infer if the industrial shift caused by the rise in trade between Brazil and China in the first decade of this century has impacted levels of pollution in Brazilian microregions. To do this, water and air quality data, along with mortality due to a pollution related illness data is used. Results show statistically significant evidence that the rise in demand for Brazilian exports, the demand shock, had a negative impact on air quality and a positive impact on health outcomes at the 20% level. Results also show that the rise in demand of imports from China, the supply shock, has negatively affected health outcomes, with results significant at the 20% level. Regarding water, results shows no statistically significant evidence that the trade shocks have impacted its quality.Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso How does early marriage affect the education of women in Brazil?(2019) Teixeira, Mariana RamosThe theme of early marriage, in addition to being associated with developing countries, serves as an example of human rights violations. Although the discussion about the impacts that early marriage can generate in aspects such as education and health is extensive in other countries and the Brazilian legislation itself has some contradictions in the definition of child marriage, few are the works that elucidate the current situation of the child and adolescent female population in Brazil. This study is based on the comparison of data from 2002 to 2015 of the PNAD for girls and women from 12 to 49 years of age, in addition to using PNDS of 2006 as a basis for the probability of having a stable union (marriage or informal) before eighteen years. The propensity Score Matching (PSM) method is used to analyze the influence that child marriage potentially has on woman’s educational background. These effects were negative in relation to completion of basic and higher education, by approximately 21% and 13%, respectively. The same PSM exercise was made for white and non-white women showing that early marriage’s impact on education reaches approximately 27% among white women and 15% among non-white women for Basic Education and a 15% impact for white and 12% for nonwhite women on higher education.